[The Covid-19 pandemic has swept across the world, causing a never seen burden on our health care systems and challenging biomedical research to give appropriate answers to the epidemic. Modern, one-particle biophysical methods ensure special insight to the characteristics of the cause of the epidemic, the SARS-CoV-2. The virus carries a crown-like layer of spike proteins, which plays a fundamental role in the process of infection. The topography structure and mechanical characteristics of native virions have been determined by atomic force microscopy. Spike proteins form a dynamic surface due to their flexibility and motility. Virions are surprisingly resistant to mechanical compression, and their structure is able to recover after mechanical perturbation. The global structure of the virus is resistant to heat effect, but spike proteins dissociate from the surface with higher temperatures. The mechanical and dynamic characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 contribute to its virulence. The applied one-particle biophysical methods play an important role in understanding and fighting with the more common virus infections. ]

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[Hypertension prevalence and cardiovascular risk gradually with age. However this aging process seems to take a more rapid course in some individuals, as reflected in the Early Vascular Aging (EVA) syndrome. Age and high blood pressure are the two main determinants of arterial stiffness which is the core of EVA: the impaired elasticity of the media layer of large elastic arteries (mainly the aorta), a process that can be measured by pulse wave velocity. In elderly hyperten­sives, large arteries stiffen and systolic and pulse pressures increase, due to wave reflections. Arterial stiffness has predictive value for future CV e.g. events, coronary artery dis­ease, stroke, and vascular dementia and even all-cause mortality. The concepts of EVA (Early Vascular Aging) and SUPERNOVA (Super­normal Vascular Aging, the opposite phenotype of EVA) help to understand why early target-organ damages develop in some individuals and why others remain much more “younger” than their chronologic age. New drugs are being developed to treat EVA when lifestyle intervention and conven­tional risk factor controlling drugs are not enough.]

[Lower extremity arterial disease, in addition to the worsening life quality due to the concerning complaints and the rist of amputation, entails high risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of this disease in the Hungarian po­pulation is close to 600 000 people, based on an extrapolation of the international epi­demiological data. In the recent years two target studies started (i) to analyse the performance of screening for lower extremity arterial disease in a representative hypertensive population (ÉRV Program), and (ii) to analyse the data of patients in the whole Hungarian health insurance population with lower ext­remity amputation or revascularization (HUNVASCDATA study). The present review summarizes the outcomes of these two studies. Data analysis on national sample bears high importance, since any improvement in vascular care in Hungary rests entirely on this information. ]

[In Hungary the training and output requirements of faculty of general medicine determine the required knowledge, skills and abilities, i.e. competences of graduated me­dical doctors. On the one hand, we examined how the tea­chers ponder the weight of competences established for medical education in the training and output requirements, on the other hand to what extent they mediate these during their teaching activity. The field research by self-developed questionnaires was carried out in four Hun­ga­rian medical schools in the fall semester 2017. For evaluation we used gap analysis, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and factor ana­lysis. The questionnaire was sent to all lecturers (n=1790) of the four medical schools and 439 of them filled it out (24.5%). Results of the research show that the lecturers do not mediate any competence in their teaching practice in such an extent, as important as they consider it is (except one). There are statistically proved negative gaps between the extent of importance and mediation – to a different extent per competence. The examined competences can be grouped in well identifiable factors, which corresponds to the three-circle model accepted in the international literature. Results of the research underline, that be­side the core competences of medical knowledge, there are further developmental opportunities in the medical education, the importance of which was ensured by the lecturers as well. In addition to the realization of lacks and needs the development of lecturers’ skills as well as pedagogical and didactical knowledge are inevitable for the implementation. ]