[The 24-hour and longer-term (weeks, months, years) as well as seasonal, regional variations and fluctuations of blood pressure have been known for long time in both normotensive and hypertensive patients. It is also well known and established that blood pressure variability is greater in patients with more severe hypertension and in the elderly population. In the last decade and actually, the variability of blood pressure has come into new light by meticulous analysis of numerous causal factors and consequences influencing its fluctuation. The real diagnostic and prognostic value of blood pressure variability and its role in the assessment of successful antihypertensive treatment have also been favoured. In our review, we summarise the physiological and pathophysiological principles of blood pressure variability, including also the significant importance of allostasis in the new approach. We overview the methods of measuring the blood pressure variability and its real importance related to the results obtained. We analyse the importance of non-adaptive levels of blood pressure variability in asymptomatic cases and apparent conditions, further in diagnostic projections and monitoring the treatment. Based on our own experience, we also present the future options of exploring the fluctuating blood pressure.]

[The prevalence of chronic renal failure and hypertension is steadily increasing worldwide. The risk of possible cardiovascular death in patient with advanced renal failure is greater than the risk of progression to end-stage renal failure. Therefore treating and achieving target blood pressure is important in order to slow renal function decline in parallel with cardiovascular risk reduction. However, guidelines do not specify a single blood pressure target to be achieved in patients with renal failure, but suggest evidence based, reno- and cardioprotective therapy. This paper summarizes the clinical practice of treating hypertension (drug and nondrug treatment, therapeutic algorithm, target value, effectiveness of therapy) in patients with chronic renal failure.]

[Authors had found diabetes mellitus type 2 in 30% of 38 886 hypertensive patients (stadium I-III). Diabetes was more frequent in case of women under 30 years. Subsequently all age groups (from 40 to 80 years) incidence was more frequently (p<0.01-0.001) in men, above 80 years again a higher ratio was in women. Presence of diabetes was correlated to rate of BMI value and systolic, diastolic pressure as well. In women - above 140 mmHg systolic pressure - the elevation was exponential. We have found a significant correlation between fasting glucose and waist. Reaching the target blood pressure is not a simply task in hypertensive patients with diabetes. The 140/90 mmHg was reached in 34.2%, 90 mmHg diastolic blood pressure in 62.3%, but the required 80 mmHg only in 16.4% of cases. Achieve the target value was quite different in the different region of our country. The major cardiovascular complications (stroke, renal disease, myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease) have suffered a higher rate in the hypertensives with diabetes compered to hypertensives without diabetes.]

[In the past year, many societies published new recommendations in the field of hypertension. The European Society of Hypertension and the European Society of Cardiology (ESH/ESC) published a comprehensive guideline in July 2013, providing an elaborate description of the diagnosis of hypertension. The clinical practice guideline of the American Society of Hypertension and the International Society of Hy per - tension (ASH/ISH) contains a brief set of recommendations, and explains the diagnostic approach to hypertension in a less detailed manner. The Eighth Joint National Committee (JNC8) focuses on certain aspects of hypertension using rigorous evidence- based methodology. This article displays some of the corresponding and disparate recommendations of the three guidelines.]

[One of the potentials of the effective fight against endemic diseases is their exposition and the recognition of their dangers and risk factors. The other possibility is to increase the professional knowledge of the medical and healthcare employees along with the patients’ co-operation. For the prevention of complications and the adequate treatment of hypertension an extensive compliance program, called „Live below 140/90!” was initiated by the Hungarian Society of Hypertension in 2005. The mission was to give knowledge to the non-professional public about the symptoms of the disease and how to get information about it while helping patients’ relatives. The first message was the “Hit the target blood pressure value!”. With careful planning, treatment and taking of medicines the next phase could begin. The ratio of the patients who reached the target blood pressure increased by 5% during the two years of the Program between 2005 and 2007 therefore the message changed to “Hold the blood pressure there!”. The next step in the Program was to prevent the forming of complications and to treat the co-morbidities effectively among patients with pre-diabetes or diabetes and hypertension in 2008. The slogan was “Prevent the complications!”. As part of the Program we organized a roadshow named the “Day of caring!” and we announced the “Conscious Care” substudy focused on the public summoning about the stroke which is the most dangerous complication of hypertension. The year of 2011 is an absolutely new beginning in the communication of the Program since we started to use some very modern tools of the 21st century including YouTube, Facebook and others for the better education of the people. Based on the results of the initial Program we got to know the risks, co-morbidities, complications and the characteristics of the Hungarian hypertensive patients. We have recognized that most of the patients belong to the high and very high risk hypertensive category. Also more than 30 percent of them have a pre-diabetes condition. We have found that increased caring helps to build up the patients’ co-operation which in return improves the decrease of their blood pressure significantly. The Program therefore continues in 2011! Our intention is to enlarge the Hungarian Hypertension Register database and to get to know more and more epidemiologic and therapeutic features of the hypertension disease.]