[The relationship of traumatic experiences and eating disorders – therapeutical options]
KOVÁCS-TÓTH Beáta1, TÚRY Ferenc2
KOVÁCS-TÓTH Beáta1, TÚRY Ferenc2
[In the etiology of eating disorders (especially bulimia nervosa and binge eating) traumatic experiences (sexual, physical, emotional abuse, neglect) play an important role. Traumatization can have a serious impact, which is influenced by the parameters of the traumatization, risk and protective factors, and the resiliency of the traumatized patient. The consequences may lead to the development of specific psychiatric and somatic disorders, and may cause lifetime revictimization. The exploration of data related to the traumatization is essential in eating disorders as well. If traumatic expericences can be detected in the background of eating disorders, the targeted therapy of eating disorders while applying its specific elements should also follow the guidelines of the general trauma-therapy. Providing safety in therapeutical relationship is fundamental. The therapeutic options are extensive. Along with psychodynamically oriented therapies, the newer methods based on cognitive-behavioral therapy (e.g., dialectic behavior therapy, integrative cognitive analytic therapy) are also proposed. Hypnotherapy can also be useful. ]
Lege Artis Medicinae
Lege Artis Medicinae
[A brief introduction about the primary care’s evolution is rather improving the clear sight since it supports our right judgement and helps to draw right consequences. Thus, we are able to realise more precisely our strategic aims, actual domestic problems, and the forced pathways indicated by the prevailing trends and the action radius of our reform endeavours. The present study shows hidden risks encoded in human resources, specialists’ services and shed light into the grey zone of remuneration. Indeed, the trends are alarming, the spaces are narrow for actions nevertheless we can escape our century old legacy by innovative solutions. While re-thinking totally the whole system nevertheless maintaining all immanent principles we can just in the short run revitalise our ailing primary health care. ]
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[In Hungary, there was a ward related psychotherapy already since the 1960s, yet without any national network to the 1980s. In Debrecen the spreading of the psychotherapeutic approach started in the psychiatric facilities since the 1990s. Daytime Hospital was founded first in the County Hospital and later on in the Department of Psychiatry of the University. The latter option was provided by separating the psychiatry from neurology. This study presents the development of the day care at the Psychiatric Department along the opportunities and shows the structure of the actually functioning system finally reports on our future plans respectively. Initially started the occupational therapy, gymnastics, community cooking and walking, which did not require any separate rooms. The 22-bed psychotherapeutic unit was established 2014 with its joined capacity for 11 persons in the Daytime Hospital. The County Hospital is engaged primarily in socio-therapy of psychotic psychiatry patients, however the Psychiatric Department is rehabilitating mainly patients with affective spectrum disorders. Patients are treated in socio-therapy and psychotherapy small groups for a half or one year. Afterward they enter the outpatient program, may join the Patient Club or decide for therapeutic occupation aiming the best way of recovery. According to the feedback, there is a long-term change in the mental state of the patients leading to improvement in their quality of life, which we plan to prove by an efficacy research program. ]
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[Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric conditions in primary care, but still the ratio of treated patients is low. Clinically significant anxiousness decreases work efficacy and quality of life, it can cause and often goes with somatic and other psychiatric comorbidities. Patients with anxiety disorders usually undergo many diagnostic tests and interventions turning out negative on all levels of the health system. The general practitioner has a significant role in diagnosing and assessing anxiety disorders, based on a focused history, tests for differential diagnosis and questionnaire screening tools. The generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) is highly prevalent in primary care, appr. 8- 10%, 2-4 times frequent in women. Treat - ment is complex, evidence-based methods are available as certain lifestyle modifications, psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy. A regular consultation with a psychiatrist colleague can improve the chronic care of patients with anxiety disorders.]
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[Eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa) are the typical forms of modern disorders of civilization. In the therapy of young (below age of twenty years) patients the family therapy can play a decisive role. During family therapy, in the case of mosaic families (newly organized families after divorce and second marriage) it is a frequent question, which family members should be involved into the therapeutical sessions: the biological parents, or the members of the actual families. In this paper two cases are reported where mosaic families were consulted. In the family therapy the new distribution of parental roles, the strengthening of the paternal responsibility of the foster-father were crucial in the families. In both cases a full remission occurred. As a conclusion we can state that during family therapy of eating disordered patients - and supposedly in other psychosomatic disorders - in the case of mosaic families the involvement of the actual family members, and the strengthening of the parental role can be an important factor in the therapeutical efficacy.]
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[First of all we shortly present the Minnesota model based on twelve-step programmes that could be implemented effectively in the recovery of addicts. The uniqueness of the model are the involvement of recovering helpers in the therapeutic work and the focus on spirituality. Our essay-like study aims to present the approach of Alcoholics Anonymous which forms the basis of the model, effectivity studies and the potential effect mechanisms through research data. We aim to define the phenomenon of spirituality from different aspects having regard to the preliminary psychological and psychotherapeutical contributions and provide some of our therapeutic tools. In the current study we picture the roles of the professional therapists and the voluntary recovering helpers in our programme. ]
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[The newer types of eating disorders are less common in the therapeutic practice or they may appear as a secondary disorder. Therefore only a little we know about the psychological background of these disorders. There is only a few data in the literature about the relational of family characteristics of muscle dysmorphia, eating disorder bodybuilder type, Adonis complex or orthorexia nervosa. As the classical eating disorders, like anorexia and bulimia nervosa are in a strong relationship with the newer types of eating disorders, we can assume several family factors on the basis of the underlying common features. The problems of self-esteem, the self-developmental disorder, the perfectionism, the need for control, and the relationship to the obsessionality and compulsivity are common characteristics of these disorders.]
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