[The series gives a brief overview on the discovery of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA), an interesting story, as well as on details of its structure and function down to the molecular level. The discovery of JGA, i.e., a phylogenetically ancient organ, is a fine example of the close morphological and functional correlations characteristic of living organisms. Presented are the JGA related misconcepts and the underlying theoretical and practical difficulties. Utilization of the most modern methods, such as atomic force microscopy, as well as the in vivo multiphoton laser microscopy revealed previously unrecognized phenomen highlighting the ambiguities of textbook information, accepted paradigms. The author is looking for relationship between the new and provocative theoretical research and clinical consequences of pharmacological interventions. He shows that JGA is not only a participant of the salt-water balance and blood pressure regulation, but it can also play a significant role in the pathogenesis of the major public diseases. Finally, he makes an attempt to analyze the current research directions that predict some potential scientific discoveries and describe some general lessons from his own research career.]

[Since the discovery of the function of the deoxyribonucleic acid, research for decades focused on studying the protein coding regions in ever increasing details. At the same time, non-coding DNA sequences, which represent 98% of the genome, were considered an evolutionary byproduct, or junk DNA. Today, however, the large families of short, untranslated ribonucleic acid sequences, such as short interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNA, rasiRNA or piRNA, revolutionize our knowledge on gene regulation. The review presents these short RNA molecules, and describes their formation and functions. The authors place special focus on the recently discovered microRNAs, a class of 21-24 nucleotides long RNA molecules that are involved in the regulation of their target’s amount by annealing to the corresponding messenger RNA. The genes of microRNAs are often localized to certain fragile sites of the genome that have been described to be involved in a number of tumours. Thus, it is not surprising that after the discovery of microRNAs the relationship of altered microRNA pattern and cancer has soon become the focus of research.]

[The paper aims to provide an integrative analysis of a science fiction film, Arrival. Even in the context of previous sci-fi films and their criticism, it is hard to define the genre of the movie. Maybe the movie Interstellar can be considered as the closest work. Suddenly appearing Aliens and the communication with them is the central problem of the movie. With the resource of context-free grammar and cosmological time-perception we analyze the situation outlined in the story. Can mechanism of human language acquisitions and language theory help us in the case of alien contact? Is it possible that the use of physical constants decrease the chance of basic misunderstandings? ]