[Cancer- and chemotherapy-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication in patients with malignancies. Most important questions and challenges are summarized in the review and an attempt is made to answer some of them. Epidemiology, causes of thrombophilia and risk factor analysis including thrombogenicity of both tumorous disease and chemotherapy are discussed. The following special risk groups are detailed: (a) postoperative, (b) hospitalized non-surgical patients, (c) ambulatory patients with chemotherapy, (d) tumorous patients without chemotherapy. As conclusion, most important messages of the recent guidelines for preventing and treating cancer-associated thrombosis are discussed.]

[The obesity is a worldwide problem in all agegroup. In 1998 the WHO gives forth that the obesity is an illness. In Hungary the frequency of obesity today is 7 % at the age of 17. The childhood obesity is a main risk of morbidity in the adulthood. There atre two parts of the prevention: sports and excersises and healthy nutrition. In the health prevention we have to take aim at these two methods, so this is the right way to the successfull results. ]

[The use of opioids to relieve strong, unbearable pain is a method that has been known for thousands of years and is still effective today. In contrast to the earlier view, opioids today are not only given to cancer patients. The application area of morphine derivatives is generally the relief of exceptionally strong pain regardless of the diagnosis, but opiates are undoubtedly most commonly used to treat cancer-related or strong acute pain. Strong pain reducers are used much more in developed countries for the treatment of non-cancer related severe pain refractory to other approaches. Today the use of opiates and their derivatives (fentanyl, oxycodon) for non-cancer related pain relief is recognized by the national health insurance in that it allows general practitioners to prescribe them, upon the recommendation of a neurosurgeon, orthopaedic surgeon, traumatologist or rheumatologist, with a significant 90% subsidy for six months to ensure easy access for patients in severe, refractory pain due to degenerative musculoskelatal diseases (ICD: M47, M48, M16.9, M17.9, M54.4, M51.0, M51.1). The indications of opioid use, however, are not limited to strong nociceptive pain since they are also effective in certain types of peripheral neuropathic pain. In brief, a basic principle of the use of major analgetics is that their indication is primarily based on the intensity of pain and not on the nature of the disease, even though the latter has a major influence on the clinician's strategy of pain relief.]

[INTRODUCTION - Since the end of the pastcentury, the basis/bolus method has been adeterminate factor of adjusting insulin thera-py. Experiences with insulin pump treatmentprove that well-quantified and adequatelytimed basal insulin treatment can fully com-pensate for the diurnal glucose-producingactivities of the liver and the diurnal changesin the activity of insulin receptors. Suitablyselected basal insulin treatment can, there-fore, keep the changes in blood sugar levelthat are dependent of the diet’s carbohydratecontent well under control. CASE REPORT - By presenting the approxi-mately five-year treatment of an adolescentboy, the author presents the current options(and failures) of insulin therapy that might beused with more or less success. Each treat-ment approach had its place in the variousstages of the patient’s diabetes. Nevertheless,insulin pump therapy, admittedly the moststate-of-the-art method today was unsuccess-ful due to patient’s lack of compliance, thusthis treatment had to be stopped. Still, on thebasis of the experiences with insulin pumptherapy, the restored intensive-conservativetreatment was set up on glargine basalinsulin, defining doses of bolus in correlationwith 10 grams of carbohydrate, which madethe diet less strict. This approach resulted ina considerable improvement of the patient’smetabolic profile. CONCLUSION - The right choice of thedoses and efficacy curve of basal insulin isessential for achieving a good metabolic bal-ance during intensive-conservative therapy.In case of deteriorating metabolic balance,suspending the inefficient insulin pump ther-apy is justified and means no disadvantagefor the patient, as long as the subsequentadjustment is prudent. By defining doses of ashort-acting bolus insulin analogue in corre-lation with carbohydrate intake along withglargine therapy permits adaptation to themetabolism of patients with poor compli-ance and unsatisfactory lifestyle - in expec-tation of better results. ]