[The aim the present study was to assess the level of dental fear among 5-7 years old children and its correlations with dental-hygienic habits and their temperament. Furthermore, the relationship of the dental fear of parents and children was also analysed. This cross-sectional study was conducted by the means of a self-constructed questionnaire in 2017. The responses of 70 people were analysed with the help of SPSS 22.0; descriptive statistics, 2-sample T-probes, Mann-Whitney probes, analyses of variance and correlations were calculated (p<0.05). High level of dental fear was detected by 30% of the included children. There was no correlation between the dental fear of the parents and their children’s. Dental fear had no effect on the frequency of tooth-brushing. Children’s dental fear had no correlation with either previous painful experiences at the dentist’s or the temperament of the child. Dental fear is present among children and not only family but dental hygienists might play an important role in reducing it. ]

[INTRODUCTION - Starting first aid education in early childhood can be an effective method of knowledge transfer. AIM - Our aim was to examine first aid education related opinions of kindergarten- and primary school children, educators, and parents. MATERIALS AND METHODS - 871 people (children, educators, parents) were involved in our study. Opinions were measured with self-administered questionnaires, containing mainly open questions. RESULTS - General opinion of parents and educators on first aid education in childhood were mainly positive, but they also gave negative ones. The majority of participants had a positive opinion about our completed program. Based on the opinions of parents and educators first aid education is recommended by health care professionals. Opinions were independent from gender, age, lenght of time of working with children in all cases (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS - General opinion of parents and educators was varied, but it was generally positive concerning our program. Based on this results opinions can be changed with concrete activities. ]

[Aim of the study: Beliefs about parental role and efficacy was shown to be important in adaptation to child’s hospitalization; there is a lack of adequate measure of this construct, however. Our aim was the evaluation of the Hungarian version of The Parental Belief Scale for Parents of Hospitalized Children (PBS; Melnyk, 1994) assessing parents’ beliefs about their ability to understand and predict their children’s behaviours and emotions, as well as to participate in their children’s care during hospitalization. Sample and methods: The Hungarian version of the PBS was evaluated using a back-translation process. One hundred parents of hospitalized children in Heim Pál Children’s Hospital, Department of Surgery and Traumatology fulfilled the measure along with questionnaires regarding demographics, general parental self-efficacy and state-anxiety. Results: The Hungarian version of the PBS showed excellent internal consistency (α=0,94), and good stability (r=0,85 p<0,001). A significant positive correlation of medium effect size was found between PBS scores and general parental self-efficacy (r=0,30 p=0,025). Parent’s state anxiety was significantly negatively related to their self-efficacy beliefs regarding hospital setting (r=-0,48 p<0,001). Conclusion: The Hungarian version of the PBS was shown to be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring efficacy-beliefs of parents of hospitalized children.]

[Aims of the study: Basic Life Saving Activities should be thought in early childhood in order to base helping aptitude for adulthood. The authors’s aim was to teach kindergarten children for basic first aid duties and than to examine their results. Sample and methods: 51 children were involved in the survey. There was two sessions with theoretical and practical games about first aid. On the third session children were tested about their skills and one month later re-tested. The statistical analyses were made with SPSS 17.0 software. Results: The maximum point of the test was 38 points. The average point of the first test was 16,94 points and the re-test score was higher. The difference between the results was significant (p<0,05). The results showed attitudinal differences between boys and girls (p<0,05). Conclusions: The 5 and 6 years old children of kindergarten can learn the basic concepts. ]

[Aim of the study: To explore pediatric staff nurses’ perception of collaboration with hospitalized children and their parents and to study underlying factors. Methodology and sample: In a prospective longitudinal design, parents of children admitted to hospital for planned surgical intervention (n=91) filled out a questionnaire packet before hospitalization assessing demographical and socio-economical characteristics, as well as mental health status of children and parents. Staff nurses were asked to estimate parents’ and children’s collaboration during hospitalization (n=131). Results: Nurses’ ratings about parents’ collaboration were higher than their ratings about children’s collaboration. Child’s gender, age, parent’s level of education, family characteristics and length of hospital stay had an impact on the perception of collaboration with parents. Child’s age and prosocial behavior were related to the perception of collaboration between nurses and children. Conclusions: Nurses’ perception of children’s and parents’ collaboration was related to demographical and socio-economical factors. Identifying these factors may help to promote partnership among nurses, parents and hospitalized children. ]