[Imaging is important in the evaluation of tumour detection, staging to determine the response to therapy, to follow the patient to find an early recurrent tumour. The ability to assess cancer spread has been revolutionized by advances of digital imaging modalities, such as digital ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI is the method of choice for detecting and evaluating brain, spine, head and neck and musculoskeletal tumours, but it is complementary in the investigation of the thorax. US and CT remains the primary test for imaging the abdomen, while MRI plays a subsidiary role as a problem solving technique. In the evaluation of focal liver disease numerous prior reports have documented a superior performance of MRI compared to CT and US in the detection of primary and metastatic liver tumours. MRI is gaining more and more importance in imaging of the pelvis. Breast MRI is increasingly used as an adjunct to conventional imaging modalities. Several recent developments in MRI have altered the role of this imaging, and it is often the preferred choice among diagnostic tools for the detection and characterization of tumour cases.]

[During his long practice as head physician of a neurological and psychiatrical department with over 100 beds performed the examination and department of more than a hundred thousand patients. Based on the acquired experience and the data of the most recent literature he treats every aspect of the apathy syndrome. He emphasizes the multidisciplinary approach during both establishing the causes and the examination and treatment of patients. In order to clarify the diagnosis consultations with other disciplines must be used as well as the the knowledge provided by the now essential CT, MRI, PET, SPECT. The author discusses the international therapeutical possibilities and practice after the recently alredy possible exact diagnosis.]

[INTRODUCTION - Non-operative cytological and histopathological assessment of breast lesions are part of the triple (physical, imaging and pathologic) diagnostic approach and allow a more precise planning of surgical procedures. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages; currently, core biopsy is believed to be more efficient in reaching the diagnostic target. PATIENTS AND METHODS - Breast specimens with a histological diagnosis at the Department of Pathology of the Bács-Kiskun County Teaching Hospital were analysed for their preoperative pathology, using the conventional C1-5 and B1-5 diagnostic categories. RESULTS - 295 cytology and 130 core needle biopsy cases were analysed. The rate of non diagnostic (C1 and B1) material was higher for cytology (0.18 versus 0.08 in general; 0.09 versus 0.01 for malignant cases). The rate of cases with an uncertain diagnostic category (C3 and C4 or B3 and B4) was also higher for the cytology specimens (0.24 versus 0.07). False-negative and false-positive cases were rare, but still more frequent among cytology specimens. CONCLUSION - Core needle biopsy performs better than fine needle aspiration cytology in the establishment of a nonoperative diagnosis at our institution. Despite these results, cytology continues to be the first diagnostic choice, because of its relatively low costs.]

[Systematic review of the recent articles of the years 2008/2009 about breast tumours’ radiological diagnostics and guided therapy, the actual place of the imaging and interventional methods are presented.]

[INTRODUCTION - On occasion core biopsies yield an inconclusive (B3 or B4) result in the triple diagnostics of breast lesions. These cases may turn to be malignant in the operation specimen. This study evaluates the value of B3 and B4 diagnoses and the consequences of these diagnoses. MATERIALS AND METHODS - Core needle biopsies were generally taken under imaging guidance with an automatic gun using G14 gauge needles. They were evaluated using internationally and nationally accepted categories from B1 to B5. The analysis was based on data collected between 2000 and March 2005. RESULTS - Of the 663 core needle biopsy specimens 31 (4.7%) were classified as B3 and 22 (3.3%) as B4. Specimens were more often fragmented in the latter category (a rate of 0.64 as compared with a rate of 0.26). Patients with a B3 diagnosis were operated on in 23 cases, eight of which turned to be malignant (0.35). B4 diagnoses were followed by operations in 21 cases and were found to be malignant on 19 occasions (0.9). Whenever a B4 diagnosis was associated with radiological findings of malignancy (category 5 on mammography and/or ultrasound) the cases unanimously proved to be malignant. The same association with B3 diagnoses yielded malignancy in a rate of only 0.67. CONCLUSION - Both B3 and B4 diagnoses represent an indication for operation. Our experience suggests that B4 diagnoses when coupled with a radiological opinion of malignancy can be candidates for definitive (therapeutic breast conserving) surgery whereas B3 diagnoses require diagnostic excisions.]