The eLitMed.hu medical portal uses computer cookies for convenient operation. Detailed information can be found in the Cookie-policy.
Search results
Search for the word below: dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy
|
Number of hits: 43
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 30, 2020
CANOMAD syndrome with respiratory failure
CANOMAD (chronic ataxic neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia, M-protein agglutination, disialosyl antibodies) syndrome is a rare polyneuropathy. IgM paraproteins react with ganglioside-containing disialylated epitopes resulting in dorsal root ganglionopathy and B-lymphocyte infiltration of cranial and peripheral nerves. Clinical features include ataxia, slight muscle weakness, areflexia, sensory- and cranial nerve symptoms. Case studies have reported the efficacy of rituximab and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) treatments. We present the case of a 57-year-old man, who had difficulty walking, with numbness and clumsiness in all limbs. He had areflexia, vibratory sensation loss and ataxia. Laboratory tests showed IgM monoclonal components and disialosyl antibodies in the serum. Nerve conduction studies indicated severe sensorimotor demyelinating polyneuroradiculopathy. Despite IVIg and rituximab treatments, the patient’s disease course gradually worsened and he died of respiratory failure. Neuropathological examination revealed dorsal column- and dorsal root atrophy with mixed mononuclear cell infiltration. This article aims to draw attention to this syndrome, and the use of early potent immunosuppressive treatment to improve patients’ quality of life.
Clinical Neuroscience
MAY 30, 2019
[In memoriam Mátyás Papp]
[Mátyás Papp died on 4th of April, 2019, at the age of 92, following a long disease. He was working for nearly 60 years in the Department of Neurology, Semmelweis University. He was known about his works on the inclusion bodies in multiple system atrophy (Papp-Lantos bodies). He was a honorary member of the International Society of Neuropathology. ]
Lege Artis Medicinae
MARCH 20, 2019
[Physiological-pathological muscle atrophy in elderly - interventions potencially inhibiting this progressive process ]
[In old and very old age, one of the most prevalent signs of aged body’s decline is the progressive loss of muscle mass and function. First itself the physiological aging process can be dominant in the complex causative background but later it is usually intertwined with pathological mechanisms. The importance of muscle system is extremely high in the physiological regulation of various vital life processes The paper also points out the far-reaching consequences of sarcopenia syndrome that leads to general weakness, falls, traumas, acceleration of co-morbidities, rapidly declining self independence, ultimately frailty syndrome, and death. The initial body mass index has been recently replaced by a more adequate, more complex diagnostic approachment of sarcopenia that evaluates both muscle mass/strength and physical performance. Prevention or breaking the process of sarcopenia needs complex intervention which includes special fast protein rich diet with leucin and vitamin D combined with frequent physical exercise. ]
Clinical Neuroscience
JULY 30, 2018
Atypical type of Hirayama disease: Onset of proximal upper extremity
Hirayama disease is a rare, benign motor neuron disease. It has been proposed that the dura mater’s posterior wall lacks sufficient elasticity in the lower cervical region and this causes the tense dura part to displace anteriorly upon flexion. The disease is described as involving unilateral upper extremity with a distal-onset. We reported weakness and atrophy of the proximal part of an extremity in a 45-year-old man who is diagnosed with Hirayama disease. Proximal onset is a rare type of Hirayama Disease. Clinicians must be alert of proximal involvement and the diagnosis should be confirmed with electrophysiological and flexion MRI studies.
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 30, 2018
[Nusinersen in the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy]
[Until recently, the diagnosis of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has been associated with severe life-long motor disability in adults and with early death in infants. The new experimental therapeutic approaches of the last few years have become more and more promising, while nusinersen was approved for the treatment of SMA in December 2016 in the USA, and in May 2017 in Hungary. Our paper presents mechanisms and clinical benefits of this new medication, and highlights some of the other therapeutic strategies still in experimental stages.]
Clinical Neuroscience
JULY 30, 2016
Gray matter atrophy in presymptomatic Huntington’s patients
Background - Huntington’s disease is a progressive disease in which neurodegeneration is on-going from the early presymptomatic phase. Development of sensitive biomarkers in this presymptomatic stage that are able to monitor the disease progression and test the efficacy of putative neuroprotective treatments are essential. Methods - Seven presymptomatic Huntington mutation carriers and ten age-matched healthy controls were recruited. Six of the patients participated in a 24 months longitudinal study having MRI scans 12 and 24 months after the baseline measurements. High resolution T1 weighted images were carried out and voxel based morphometry was used to analyse the data. Apart of group differences, correlation of CAG repeat number with focal cortical thickness and with global gray matter volume was calculated. Results - Focal cortical atrophy was found bilaterally in the superior temporal sulcus and in the left middle frontal gyrus in presymptomatic Huntington patients in whom no sign of cognitive or motor deterioration was detected. Global gray matter atrophy (p<0.048) and decreased total brain volume was found. The number of CAG triplets showed no correlation with the focal gray matter atrophy and total brain volume. Strong correlation between the CAG repeat number and global gray matter volume was found (p<0.016). Conclusion - Cortical atrophy is apparent in the early, presymptomatic stage of the disease. With further validation in large patient sample atrophy measure could be biomarker of disease progression and putatively of neurodegeneration.
Clinical Neuroscience
JANUARY 30, 2015
[The first identified Central-Eastern European patient with genetically confirmed dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy]
[Aims - Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a trinucleotide repeat expansion. The disease mainly occurs amongst the Japanese and is extremely rare in the European population. The characteristic clinical symptoms are cerebellar ataxia, dementia, choreoathetoid movements, epileptic seizures and myoclonus. The aim of this study is to present the first genetically confirmed Hungarian case of DRPLA. Case report - The middle-aged female patient developed the characteristic clinical symptoms except myoclonus over her late thirties with positive family history. The major finding in the skull magnetic resonance imaging was the atrophy of infratentorial brain structures with the consequential dilation of related cerebrospinal fluid spaces. A detailed neuropsychological examination was also performed and it revealed moderate cognitive dysfunctions, mild depression and anxiety. As underlying conditions, Huntington’s disease and common spinocerebellar ataxia forms all came into consideration, but all the result of the respective genetic tests were negative. However, the test for mutation in the ATN1 gene revealed pathological heterozygous CAG repeat expansion. Conclusion - This case study serves as the first description of genetically confirmed DRPLA in the Central-Eastern region of Europe, the clinical features of which seems to be very similar to the previously reported cases.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 30, 2014
[Grey matter atrophy in patients suffering from multiple sclerosis]
[White matter lesions are defining characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS), whereas grey matter involvement is a less recognised attribute. Recent investigations using dedicated imaging approaches have made it possible to depict cortical lesions. Additionally, grey matter atrophy may be estimated using various methods. Several studies have suggested that grey matter atrophy closely correlates to clinical disability. In this review we have collected information on grey matter atrophy in MS and the effect of disease modifying therapies upon brain atrophy.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
JULY 20, 2014
[News in the therapy of age-related macular degeneration]
[Age-related macular degeneration is the leading cause of serious visual deterioration in elderly people. The progressive, degenerative maculopathy involves both eyes. The serious visual impairment is caused by geographic atrophy and subretinal neovascularization. Interaction between environmental and genetic factors is fundamental in the development of this multifactorial disease. Significant risk factors are the age, positive familiy history and smoking. In early stages, prevention and vitamin supplementation play important role. Modern therapy of subretinal neovascularization is the inhibition of VEGF. No known treatment has been yet available for geographic atrophy.]
Clinical Neuroscience
MAY 25, 2014
[LADA type diabetes, celiac diasease, cerebellar ataxia and stiff person syndrome. A rare association of autoimmune disorders]
[Celiac disease - in its typical form - is a chronic immunemediated enteropathy with typical clinical symptoms that develops against gliadin content of cereal grains, and is often associated with other autoimmune diseases. In cases of atypical manifestation classic symptoms may be absent or mild, and extra-intestinal symptoms or associated syndromes dominate clinical picture. The authors present a longitudinal follow-up of such a case. A 63-years old woman was diagnosed with epilepsy at the age of 19, and with progressive limb ataxia at the age of 36, which was initially thought to be caused by cerebellar atrophy, later probably by stiff person syndrome. At the age 59, her diabetes mellitus manifested with type 2 diabetic phenotype, but based on GAD positivity later was reclassified as type 1 diabetes. Only the last check-up discovered the celiac disease, retrospectively explaining the entire disease course and neurological symptoms. By presenting this case, the authors would like to draw attention to the fact that one should think of the possibility of celiac disease when cerebellar ataxia, progressive neurological symptoms and diabetes are present at the same time. An early diagnosis may help to delay the progression of disease and help better treatment.]
1.
2.
Clinical Neuroscience
Alexithymia is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease
08. JUN
3.
4.
5.
1.
Clinical Neuroscience
[Cases of inborn errors of metabolism diagnosed in children with autism ]
19. JAN
2.
Clinical Neuroscience
[The first Hungarian patient with Guillain-Barre syndrome after COVID-19]
19. JAN
3.
Clinical Neuroscience
Retinal morphological changes during the two years of follow-up in Parkinson’s disease
19. JAN
4.