[Diuretics have remained the cornerstone of the antihypertensive treatment since their widespreading in the 1960s. According to the 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension, in the absence of evidence from direct comparator trials and recognizing that many of the approved single-pill combinations are based on hydrochlorothiazide, this drug and thiazide-like indapamide can be considered suitable antihypertensive agents. In the 2018 Hungarian guidelines indapamide is named as the most efficacious diuretic in the treatment of patients with hypertension. The aim of the publication is redefining thiazide- and thiazide-like diuretic use in the treatment of hypertensive patients, with particular attention to presently available hydrochlorothia­zide and indapamide, and their combination drugs in Hungary.]

[Affective temperaments (cyclothymic, hypertymic, depressive, anxious, irritable) are stable parts of personality and after adolescent only their minor changes are detectable. Their connections with psychopathology is well-described; depressive temperament plays role in major depression, cyclothymic temperament in bipolar II disorder, while hyperthymic temperament in bipolar I disorder. Moreover, scientific data of the last decade suggest, that affective temperaments are also associated with somatic diseases. Cyclothymic temperament is supposed to have the closest connection with hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is higher parallel with the presence of dominant cyclothymic affective temperament and in this condition the frequency of cardiovascular complications in hypertensive patients was also described to be higher. In chronic hypertensive patients cyclothymic temperament score is positively associated with systolic blood pressure and in women with the earlier development of hypertension. The background of these associations is probably based on the more prevalent presence of common risk factors (smoking, obesity, alcoholism) with more pronounced cyclothymic temperament. The scientific importance of the research of the associations of personality traits including affective temperaments with somatic disorders can help in the identification of higher risk patient subgroups.]

[Sudden death (HH) is not only associated with coronary heart disease or heart failure, but is also present in hypertension, primarily associated with left ventricular hypertrophy, systolic pressure, and age. Co-morbidities of hypertension (diabetes, coronary heart disease, heart failure and renal failure) contribute greatly to its development. HH occurs due to ventricular fibrillation, or asystole. The auther demonstrates depolarization and repolarization pathologies leading to HH and detectable on the ECG and their characteristic ECG patterns. He also emphasizes the importance of resting heart rate and heart rate variability.]

[Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited defect of cholesterol metabolism characterized by high plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and premature cardiovascular disease risk. Prevalence of hypertension in FH is not clarified, but its appearance is independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, optimal treatment has a major priority in this high-risk population. We aimed to investigate the lipid parameters and evaluate the presence of hypertension and its treatment characteristics in 86 newly diagnosed, untreated heterozygous FH patients (27 males, 59 females, mean age 53.6±13.4 years). We diagnosed FH by using the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria. The mean TC level was 8.49±1.7 mmol/l, the mean LDL-C level was 6.11±1.5 mmol/l, the mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level was 1.62±0.5 mmol/l, while the median lipoprotein (a) level was 301 mg/l. We diagnosed 33 FH patients (38.4%) with hypertension. Beta blockers were used in 23, ACE-inhibitors in 13, ARBs in 12, calcium channel blockers in 9, and HCT in 11 cases. 11 patients was treated with monotherapy, for 10 patients double, for 11 patients triple, while for 1 patient quadruple combined antihypertensive therapy was administered. Based on our results, hypertension might be underdiagnosed in this specific patient population. Neither the types nor the combination patterns of blood pressure lowering agents are in line with current guidelines. Up to date screening and treatment of hypertension should be worth considering in this extremely high risk population with enhanced atherosclerosis.]

[Hypertension and chronic kidney disease are independent cardiovascular risk factors. The 5th Cardiovascular Consensus Conference has recommended chronic kidney disease in high-risk category. In chronic kidney disease hypertension is observed in most cases. In patients with chronic kidney disease blood pressure targets are as 140/90 mmHg blood pressure below must be achieved without overt proteinuria. In chronic kidney disease combined antihypertensive therapy treatment should be initiated according the Hungarian Society of Hypertension recommendations. Aims: Monitoring the effectiveness and safety of the fix combination of ramipril/amlodipine Egiramlon® therapy in chronic kidney disease suffering from mild or moderate hypertension despite antihypertensive treatment. Patients and methods: Open, prospective, phase IV clinical observational study, which involved known chronic kidney disease (age over 18 years) with mild or moderate hypertension. Ramipril/amlodipine fixed combination (5/5, 5/10, 10/5 or, 10/10 mg) were administered or titrated in three visits, during the 4 months of trial period. The doses of the fixed combination drugs were determined individually during the visits by the 923 physicians involved in the study. The target blood pressure value was <140/90 mmHg according the new guidelines of ESH/ESC. Results: 70.1% of total patient (9169) was fulfilled the protocol during the four month of trial (6423 patients). In this population 194 patients suffered from chronic kidney disease. The age of patients was 68.52±1.84 (mean±SD) years, 85 (43.8) women and 109 (56.2%) men. 74.74% of total patients with chronic kidney disease has reached target blood pressure at the end of 4th month (primary endpoint). The blood pressure has decreased significantly (all p<0.0001) from 158.04/90.46±9.97/8.30 mmHg (1. visit) to 138.77/82.12±10.68/7.21 mmHg 2. visit and to 130.40/78.59±7.56/5.75 at the and of trial (3. visit), it means -27.64/- 11.87 mmHg decrease from the beginning of the 4th Month (3. visit). eGFR level increased significantly from 46.3±16.49 ml/min/1,73m2 to 49.0±19.58 ml/min/1,73m2. Patients suffered from chronic kidney disease have tolerated well the various doses of fixed combination of ramipril/amlodipine, and adverse events have no occurred correlation of treatment.]