[In ischaemic heart disease, if the medically treated patient’s anginal complaints and/or ischaemic symptoms are persistent, coronary angiography, and according to its results, coronary intervention (surgery or dilatation) may become necessary. The intervention is required in critical stenosis (>70% diameter) of the main vessels, the emergency depends on the clinical situation. Basic method of coronary angioplasty is the balloon dilatation, other tools (stent, rotablator, laser wire, atherectomy device, etc.) are also available. Periprocedural anticoagulant (heparin) and platelet aggregation inhibitor (aspirin, ticlopidine, GP IIb/III/a receptor blocker) treatment is required, the latter after the procedure as well. After stent implantation the lumen of the vessel is bigger and the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (acute myocardial infarction, repeated intervention, fatal outcome) is diminished. Decrease of serum lipid level improves the outcome of coronary angioplasty. It is applicable successfully for multiple lesions, occluded vessels, stable and unstable angina, in the early phase of myocardial infarction, in patients who underwent coronary surgery, and in old age too. Risk factors of the intervention are: tortuous vessel, significant calcification, stenosis in angle or ostium, luminal thrombus, urgent intervention, old age, female gender, congestive heart failure, unstable condition and acute myocardial infarction. When indicating the intervention, besides the probable results, it is necessary to consider the possibility of complications (myocardial infarction, malignant rhythm disorders, acute heart failure, bleeding, etc.). In left main stem stenosis, 3 vessel disease and in the case of 1 functioning coronary artery surgery would be preferable. With the present facilities the ratio of urgent surgical intervention as well as the mortality is below 1%.]
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