[Therapy of patients with type-2 diabetes has two important features: in addition to the nonpharmacological approach (changes in lifestyle and diet, smoking cessation, physical exercise), pharmacological intervention is needed to reach the target level of blood sugar, and those of other cardiometabolic risk factors (blood pressure, body weight, lipids, uric acid). Unfortunately, it is a worldwide problem that only a small fraction of diabetic patients reach all these goals. This is why it is very important to have drugs which can not only decrease the blood sugar level, but have beneficial effect on several cardiometabolic factors. Antidiabetic drugs affecting incretin system, the GLP-1 analogues or -mimetics, and DPP-4 inhibitors open a new era in the treatment of diabetic patients, because in addition to the reduction of blood glucose level, they may have beneficial effects on blood pressure, blood lipids and body weight. Among these drugs the newly registered liraglutide has an important role, because it stimulates secretion of insulin in a glucose-independent manner, and it also reduces the secretion of glucagon which is a well known endogenous substance that increases blood glucose level. It is important to note that liraglutide decreases appetite, body weight and blood pressure of diabetic patients. Several clinical pharmacological studies has been completed with liraglutide. Of these the LEAD (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes) program is of outstanding value because it proved that either in monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetics it effectively decreased blood sugar level, body weight, and had a beneficial effect on systolic blood pressure.]

[Nebivolol is a third-generation, long-acting, vasodilator beta-adrenoceptor-blocker with very high selectivity to beta-1 receptor. In addition to its efficient blood pressure lowering effect, results of previous trials have shown that nebivolol, which has a vasodilator effect and improves endothelial dysfunction, offers a safe, well-tolerable therapeutic option for elderly patients with heart failure, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia and hypertension. It does not affect or improves lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, moreover, it can improve patients’ quality of life in multiple ways.]

[In order to make the pharmaceutical budget predictable, an internationally accepted approach of health insurance providers is to shift more and more financial risks to pharmaceutical companies. The major paradox of financial risk-sharing schemes is that increased mortality, poor therapeutic compliance, reduced access to healthcare services, decreasing quality of health care and lack of treatment reduce pharmaceutical spending. Consequently, payers have started to employ reimbursement schemes that enable them to guarantee health gain and quality of service. Introduction of a risk-sharing scheme based on outcome and compliance can be a major advancement in the strategy of the Hungarian National Health Insurance Fund (NHIF). Funding schemes that guarantee therapeutic benefit can help reduce the uncertainty in coverage decisions regarding high-value, innovative healthcare technologies. However, justification of the parallel use of financial and outcomebased risk-sharing on the micro level is questionable. Even if the primary objective of the NHIF is to ensure the sustainbility of the public pharmaceutical budget, financial risks should be managed on the macro level.]