[Nutritional changes in the elderly]
NAGY-LŐRINCZ Zsuzsanna1, ZÁMBÓ Leonóra2, MARGARITOVITS Tijana1, VARGA-NAGY Veronika1, VARGA Anita1, ZENTAI Andrea2
DECEMBER 30, 2019
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice - 2019;32(6)
NAGY-LŐRINCZ Zsuzsanna1, ZÁMBÓ Leonóra2, MARGARITOVITS Tijana1, VARGA-NAGY Veronika1, VARGA Anita1, ZENTAI Andrea2
DECEMBER 30, 2019
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice - 2019;32(6)
[Since population ageing is one of the greatest problem of our time, we should aim not only to increase life expectancy but also healthy life years. Ageing is considered to be a normal biological process that can be characterized by the decline of body functions contributing to the age-related changes in nutrition as well. Although the process is not necessarily accompanied by pathological conditions (such as malnutrition, dehydration, obstipation, cognitive deterioration, fragility, polypharmacy), the evolving physiological changes undoubtedly increase the susceptibility to diseases and accidents. Elderly care should be adapted to the evolving changes, and should meet the person’s specific needs. ]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[With the development of the equipments of extracorporeal circulation, international studies underline reducing the amount of filling fluid. Our retrospective study was conducted at the Heart Surgery Clinic of the University of Pécs between 1 January 2017 - 31 December 2017 with ECC cardiac operated patients. During the document analysis, data were collected from 157 patients between 50 and 70 years who underwent CAB surgery. They were classified into Low- (n=47) and Standard-prime (n=110) group. Medium negative correlation (r=-0.28; p<0.001) was found between prime/body surface area and haematocrit during last perfusion. As inflammatory parameter, the last measured CRP values were 36.00 mg/l (low) vs. 70.62 mg/l (standard). Our research justified the use of low-prime during ECC. The implementation of the method requires the scientific advancement of perfusionists, the preparation of national protocols and the improvement of the perfusionist’s training and legal background. ]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the dietary habits and health behaviors of nurses studying in SE-ETK. The study describes in a descriptive/informative manner the main characteristics of the target group mentioned above. In our research, and in our conclusions drawn and deduced from it, we sought answers to questions that have been addressed in the literature from other approaches so far. Our own research focused on nurses’ dietary habits and their health awareness. To explore whether occupational harm can only be considered, or whether the links here are much deeper and more complex. Based on the data, we can say that their theoretical knowledge of healthy eating is more complete, but in practice, their health awareness/behavior is not. Their answers to our eating and sports questions have an inverse relationship with their BMI data. This is probably because their workplace conditions (shifts) do not allow their health awareness to develop. ]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
Clinical Neuroscience
[Introduction - Mental health has crucial role in our life. Cognitive changes or decline can lead to many difficulties in daily routine of older people (e.g. organization of daily activities), which can, consequently, influence their well-being. Therefore it is an important question, which cognitive abilities are affected by age-related decline. Methods - In our study we aimed to investigate the changes of cognitive abilities in healthy older adults between 61 and 85 years of age compared to the performance of younger adults. Digit span, counting span, listening span, letter fluency, semantic fluency and action fluency tests were used to assess cognitive abilities, namely working memory and executive functions. Results - The results showed that younger adults performed significantly better in all tests than older adults. Importantly, the performance of older adults was better on tests requiring less complex mental computations (e.g. digit span test) than on more complex tests where both storing and mani-pulating information was required (e.g., counting span test). We also showed that within the older age group, cognitive functions’ decline was linearly associated with increasing age. Conclusion - The present study used several, well-established neuropsychological tests to map the changes of working memory and executive functions in healthy older adults between 61 and 85 years of age compared to younger adults. Our findings can contribute to the development of prevention programs aimed at improving the quality of life of older adults and preventing age-related cognitive decline.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[Adequate nutritional indices and intake are the corner stone of long term success of renal replecement therapies (hemo- and peritoneal dialysis, transplantation) characterized by favourable survial rates and a good quality of life. There has been no major change in basic principles of nutritional prescription (protein, energy, fluid intake, restriction of sodium, potassium and phosphorous), increasing emphasis has been placed on the reduction of calcium load and ”native” vitamin-D therapy in these patients. Less avareness has been put however in the past ten years (according to recent metaanalyses) on the role and replacement of the full scale of vitamins, in spite of their occasionally altered metabolism and replacement-requirements in ESRD patients. Usually there is a need for their replacement, but some of them are represented in abundant, sometimes toxic amounts in commercially available multivitamin preparates. With in the scope of general aspects of nutrition in ESRD patients, the article gives a detalied overview of their multivitamin recommendations and alternatives of a specified substition.]
Hypertension and nephrology
Hypertension and nephrology
[Angiotensin II (Ang II) by activating angiotensin type 1 receptors (AT1R) is one of the most potent vasoconstrictors in the regulation of vasomotor tone and thus systemic blood pressure. In this study, we hypothesized that aging alters Ang II - induced vasomotor responses and expression of vascular mRNA and protein angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R). Thus, carotid arteries were isolated from newborn, young, middle age, old and senescent rats and their vasomotor responses were measured in a myograph (DMT-600) to repeated administrations of Ang II. Vascular relative AT1R mRNA level was determined by qRT-PCR and the AT1R protein density was measured by Western blot. Contractions of vessels to the first administration of Ang II increased from newborn to young and middle age rats then they decreased to senescent rats. In general, second administration of Ang II elicited reduced contractions, but they also first increased and then they decreased to old age. Similarly, the AT1R mRNA level and the AT1R protein density increased from newborn to young and middle age rats then they decreased to senescent rats. The pattern of these changes correlated with functional vasomotor data. We conclude that aging (newborn to senescence) has substantial effects on Ang II-induced vasomotor responses and AT1R signaling suggesting that it is - and thus regulation of systemic blood pressure is - determined primarily by genetic programs.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
[During the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, elderly people in long-term nursing homes were especially risks exposed. In this study, the authors analyse the causes of local outbreak at the Olajág Elderly Home Vezér street facility in Budapest and the means and ways to curb the spreading of infection. They summarise the measures, which proved to be effective in isolation and treating the patients. The number of infected residents as well as the course of the disease are demonstrated by statistical data. The authors consider as pre-eminently important to identify asymptomatic but infected residents, further the rapid introduction of screening tests, strict compliance with protocols, patient path regulation and the use of enhanced, supportive communication.]
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