Diabetology

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 30, 2023

Spinal anesthesia efficiency in thoracolumbar stabilizations

AKGUL Huseyin Mehmet , AKGUN Yigit Mehmet

Spinal surgery has an important place in neurosurgery practice. Surgical procedures on the lumbar spine include stabilization, discectomy, foraminotomy and decompression. Lumbar and lower thoracic spinal surgery can be safely performed under spinal anesthesia (SA). However, there are not many studies on the safety and efficacy of spinal anesthesia in patients who have undergone long segment stabilization surgery.

ENG 2023;76(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 30, 2023

Pembrolizumab-induced peripheral nervous system damage: A combination of myositis/ myasthenia overlap syndrome and motor axonal polyneuropathy

ARMAN ÇAKAR, IBRAHIM KAMACI, ELIF Kocasoy ORHAN, HACER DURMUŞ, YEŞIM PARMAN

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are effective drugs in cancer treatment that block immune checkpoints and stimulate an attack on cancer cells. However, various side effects were reported with ICIs. Peripheral nervous system (PNS) side effects are three times more frequent than those in the central nervous system. A 63-year-old male patient was admitted to our department with a 10-day history of dyspnea, diplopia, and generalized weakness.

ENG 2023;76(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 30, 2023

Minimal invasive transnasal endoscopic removal of intracranial foreign body after airbag deployment

KOVACS Nimrod , ZSOLT Vagi , TOTH-MOLNAR Edit , FOLDI Janos , BELLA Zsolt , BARZO Pal

Airbag induced injuries such as skull and cervical spine fractures, epidural and subdural hematomas, atlantooccipital dislocations or brainstem lacerations are already documented in published literature, however, no previous case have been published about a penetrating foreign body of the skull base following airbag deployment. Removal of an intracranial foreign body is very dangerous and difficult.

ENG 2023;76(11-12)

Lege Artis Medicinae

NOVEMBER 23, 2023

[Hypoglycemia: pondering the important treatment options of elderly Diabetic patients ]

DOMBORÓCZKI Zsolt

[Hypoglycemia is a well-known, potentially life threatening, common, yet underesti­mated consequence of glucose-lowering treatment. Elderly patients have increased tendency to develop low blood sugar levels, since their detection threshold is decreasing and the counter-regulation weakens. This process is burdened by de­clining neurocognitive and somatic status of the patients. A frail elderly person is at greater risk of hypoglycemia complica­tions. Neuroglycopenic damage of the central nervous system, cerebral and myocardial ischemia, malignant heart rhythm disturbances can all have life-threatening consequences, but long-term mental and physical decline must also be considered as well. Prevention is essential, supported by careful education and prudent choice of antidiabetic drugs and insulin preparations. Use of non-hypoglycemic agents and a diet with individual amounts and compositions help to minimize the risk, avoid overtreatment, and implement efficient and safe therapy simultaneously.]

HUN 2023;33(10-11)

Lege Artis Medicinae

NOVEMBER 23, 2023

[Women and cardiovascular diseases]

BENCZÚR Béla

[There are major differences between women and men in risk factor profiles, social and environmental factors, clinical features, recognition and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. According to the recent statistical data, it is no mere chance that more females than males die in these conditions. Beyond traditional risk factors, women have unique special ones, which significantly influence the development of their future cardiovascular diseases. This review provides a brief summary about specific cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, heart failure and myocardial infarction with their sex- and gender-related features. If healthcare providers paid more attention to this body of knowledge, it should improve recogni­tion, treatment, and outcomes of women’s cardiovascular conditions. ]

HUN 2023;33(10-11)

Lege Artis Medicinae

NOVEMBER 23, 2023

[Disturbances of lipid metabolism in endocrine disorders ]

HARANGI Mariann, ZSÍROS Noémi, TÓTH Nóra

[Dyslipidemia plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of several cardiovascular diseases. In many patients, there is no primary disorder of the lipoprotein meta­bolism since the condition is caused by which­ever “nonlipid” etiology. These se­condary dyslipidemias are surprisingly common, and their background factors are often missed if they are not scrutinized systematically. Endocrine disorders are commonly associated with dyslipidemia, including hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, Cushing’s syndrome, acromegaly, hy­pogonadism, growth hormone deficiency, hyperprolactinemia, and polycystic ovary syndrome. Recognizing these conditions is essential since the lipid abnormalities respond well to the treatment of primary dis­orders in most cases. Thus diagnosing the endocrine diseases during the routine investigation of dyslipidemia patients is es­sential for effective treatment and preven­tion of cardiovascular diseases.]

HUN 2023;33(10-11)