Background - The aim of this study was to compare ischemic stroke subtypes with the effects of risk factors, the relationship between grades of kidney disease and the severity of stroke subtypes. Methods - The current study was designed retrospectively and performed with data of patients who were hospitalised due to ischemic stroke. We included 198 subjects who were diagnosed with ischemic stroke of Grade 3 and above with chronic kidney disease. Results - In our study were reported advanced age, coronary artery disease, moderate kidney disease as the most frequent risk factors for cardioembolic etiology. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and alcohol consumption were the most frequent risk factors for large-artery disease. Female sex and anaemia were the most frequent risk factors for small-vessel disease. Dialysis and severe kidney disease were the most frequent risk factors in unknown etiologies, while male sex, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke and mild kidney disease were the most frequent risk factors for other etiologies. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores were lower for small-vessel disease compared with other etiologies. This relation was statistically significant (p=0.002). Conclusion - In order to improve the prognosis in ischemic stroke with chronic kidney disease, the risk factors have to be recognised and the treatment options must be modified according to those risk factors.

[According to epidemiological data, the number of diabetic patients requiring dialysis is increasing. Burnt-out diabetes, new onset diabetes during chronic dialysis treatment and new onset diabetes after transplantation diabetes are new types of diabetes compared to the traditional division forms. It is utmost important to evaluate education ability and acceptance the core values of lifestyle changes. Clear guidelines for oral anti-diabetic and insulin therapy have not yet been developed since this group of patients did not participate in previous major surveys. In order to formulate individualized therapeutic recommendations, it is imperative to perform regular glucose self-monitoring, which is also the cornerstone of solving unexpected situations. Both in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, special considerations should be applied to the diabetic patient group, this review focuses on the current understanding of available relevant knowledge and summarizes presumably extrarenal diabetic complications as well.]

[High-dose chemotherapy followed by stem cell rescue or allogeneic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of solid tumor with non-hematologic origin applied for more than three decades. High-dose chemotherapy with stem cell rescue is the part of standard fi rst line therapy for several chemosensitive tumors with unfavorable outcome (neuroblastoma, Ewing-sarcoma, medulloblastoma), and also successfully applied in certain therapy-resistant or recurrent solid tumors (germ cell tumors, Wilmstumor). Allogeneic transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning is still not successful in terms of survival in pediatric solid tumors with non-hematological origin. In present paper results of autologus and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in different pediatric solid tumor are discussed.]

[OBJECTIVES - In November 2010, wescreened patients admitted to the MilitaryHospital, 1st Department of Internal Medi-cine for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcusaureusand Gram-negative, extended spec-trum beta-lactamase producing bacteria.We detected the prevalence of colonisationor infection by these strains during hospitalstay. METHODS - We compiled a datasheet toregister patient data and results. Swabsfrom one of the anterior nares, the throatand the rectal area were taken at admissionand discharge after informed consent of thepatients. Microbiological samples wereprocessed by current microbiology guide-lines. RESULTS - During the one-month studyperiod, 134 adult patients were admitted,105 of who consented to the examination.At admission, six patients (5.7%) carriedmeticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusand five patients (4.76%) carried extendedspectrum β-lactamase producing Esche-richia coli. In one patient (0.95%) nosoco-mial extended spectrum β-lactamase pro-ducing Enterobacter cloacaewas identifiedin the rectal sample. In two patients (1.9%),rectal colonisation by Streptococcus pyogeneswas detected. CONCLUSIONS - Screening patients formeticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureusin our department is important because ofthe high rate of patients returning to thehaematologic department, and consideringthat 4.5% of patients admitted to ourDepartment were transported to surgicaldepartments in 2010. It is particularlyimportant to determine the sampling location. The prevalence of rectal colonisatonby extended spectrum β-lactamase produc-ing bacteria was in accordance with international data. We didn’t detect infectionprovoked by the examined bacteria duringthe study period.]

[In this review current knowledge related to the coronary atherosclerosis and angiotensin-enzym inhibitor is discussed. The earlier recognition to the effect of ACE inhibitors and ARBs to slow or reverse left ventricular remodelling is well known and accepted but the effect of these drugs on the atherosclerotic process itself may be aqual important. The focus should be now how to treat the early phase of coronary atherosclerosis, how to treat safety the hypertensive patient in the setting of coronary stenosis, how to treat the acute myocardial infarction’s patient with renal failure, and at least how to improve the long-time adherence in the primer and secunder prevention too.]