Hypertension and nephrology

APRIL 24, 2020

[Cardiovascular risk assessment in chronic kidney disease, significance of left ventricular myocardial mass index]

SÁGI Balázs, KÉSŐI István, VAS Tibor, CSIKY Botond, NAGY Judit, KOVÁCS Tibor

[Introduction: Earlier studies have shown that cardiovascular (CV) mortality and morbidity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) often exceed their average population, and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is an independent risk factor for CV disease. However, in CKD, the relationship between LVH, arterial stiffness (AS) and renal function has not yet been fully elucidated. Little data is available on their prognostic role. Aims of our study a) cross-sectional examination of the relationship between left ventricular mass index (LVMI), arterial vascular stiffness, and renal function, b) in our follow-up study, clarification of the LVMI, the prognostic role of AS in patients with CKD, IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Methods: In our cross-sectional study, 79 IgAN patients were examined in our clinic. The myocardial mass index (LVMI) was determined using an estimation formula after echocardiographic measurements. Arterial stiffness was measured using a photoplethizmography technique (PulseTrace) and characterized by the stiffness index (SI). The MDRD formula was used to estimate renal function (GFR) (eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2). In the prognostic study the primary combined endpoint was total mortality, the most important CV events (stroke, myocardial infarction or cardiovascular interventions such as revascularization) and end stage renal disease. Secondary endpoints were CV and renal endpoints separately. Results: Of the 79 patients included in our cross-sectional study, 50 were men, with an average age of 46 ± 11 years. The mean value of LVMI was 106.66 ± 22.98 g/m2. Patients were divided into groups of 115 g/m2 for males considered to be abnormal and 95 g/m2 for women. LVMI is closely correlated with SI and inversely with eGFR (corr. coeff: 0.358; p <0.05 or -0.526; p <0.001). In case of LVH, SI was significantly higher in both sexes (p = 0.005 in males, p = 0.04 in females). In case of higher LVMI, renal function was significantly lower (p = 0.002 in males, p = 0.01 in females). Metabolic syndrome occurred in several cases in both sexes with LVH, but the difference was only significant in male patients (males 6 vs. 10, p = 0.008; females 2 vs. 4, p = 0.29). In our follow-up study, the presence of LVH in men significantly reduced survival in both primary and secondary endpoints, whereas in women there was no significant difference. Conclusion: In IgAN decreasing of renal function is closely related to left ventricular hypertrophy and vascular stiffness, as well as a close relationship was found between LVMI and AS. Reduced renal function is associated with an increase in LVMI and an increase in AS, which may result in a worse prognosis for both CV and renal outcomes. The underlying role of all these can be assumed to be a common vascular and myocardial pathological remodeling.]

HUN 2020;24(02)

Lege Artis Medicinae

MARCH 10, 2020

[Recommendations of the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) and the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) for dyslipidaemia. Focused on: primary prevention]

BAJNOK László

[In 2019 the European Atherosclerosis So­ciety (EAS) and European Society of Car­dio­logy (ESC) renewed their dyslipidae­mia guidelines. The new version is more progressive than the previous ones. Thus, in the low-risk, not severely hy­per­choles­te­ro­lae­mic population cholesterol-lowering medication is also suggested. Except this low-risk group, atherogenic target values, e.g. for LDL-cholesterol, were reduced by an entire category, in some cases to the lowest one. If these goals cannot be achieved with statin-monotherapy, combined treatment is recommended generally by the cholesterol inhibitor ezetimib, and in some very high-risk cases also by innovative cholesterol lowering so-called PCSK9 inhibitor. ]

HUN 2020;30(03)

Lege Artis Medicinae

MARCH 10, 2020

[Summary data of Hungary's comprehensive health screening program (MAESZ) 2010-2019]

BARNA István, KÉKES Ede, HALMY Eszter, BALOGH Zoltán, KUBÁNYI Jolán, SZŐTS Gábor, NÉMETH János, PÉCSVÁRADY Zsolt, MAJOROS Attila, DAIKI Tenno, ERDEI Ottilia, DANKOVICS Gergely

[The comprehensive screening program of Hun­gary (MAESZ) 2010-2020-2030 is a unique initiative in Hungary and worldwide too. This largest humanitarian program provides by the latest technology free scree­ning tests for all residents in Hungary. The program developed by 76 pro­fessional organizations offers 38 scree­ning tests to every participants free of charge, in a special designed screening truck. Screening program performed by MAESZ includes cardiovascular, ophthalmologic, dermatologic, gynecologic, and neurologic investigations, lab tests, audiometry, blood pressure and arterial stiffness measurements, and venous Doppler ultrasound examinations. More­over, screening tests for lactose intolerance, colon malignancy, inflammatory bowel disease, reflux disease, urine incontinency, prostatic cancer and physical activity level were evaluated. Starting 2020, a dental screening station will be added to the mobile unit for early detection of oral cancers. Beyond screening tests, special attention is paid to assess health threatening risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol con­sumption, physical inactivity, un­healthy nutrition, and obesity. The program demonstrates the key elements of first aid from reanimation to bandage of burns in cooperation with professional and civil organisations. Furthermore, during the waiting time, participants get lifestyle recommendations and a health booklet with a bar code enabling the immediate computer analysis of test outcomes. Since the 2018/2019 school year the official prevention program for children entitled “Travel around the Empire of Health” was started. During its 10 years, the MAESZ performed 7 million free of charge screening tests on 1,886 scenes, enrolled 560,000 participants, invested 16,000 hours for prevention, handed out 1,200,000 health booklets and 391,000 prevention info packages to thousands of fami­lies. More than 20,000 health professionals (GPs, nurses, dietetics, health development agents, public health government officials, Accident Prevention Committee of National Police Headquarters, General Directorate of Social Affairs and Child Protection and non-governmental organizations) have been participated. The program designed to improve social health aims to help more and more Hun­garian citizens to be informed about their health status and to reminds them of the importance of prevention. ]

HUN 2020;30(03)

Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice

AUGUST 30, 2019

[Dangerous beauty - Health risks of beauty salon workers ]

PÁLVÖLGYI Éva, HIRDI Henriett Éva

[The aim of the study: The aim was to assess the health status and working conditions of the beauty salon workers (hairdressers, barbers, beauticians, manicurists and pedicurists), and their knowledge regarding workplace risk factors. Methods: The survey was conducted in December 2018 - January 2019 through self-constructed online questionnaire among Hungarian beauty salon workers which covered socio-demographic data, workers’ health issues and occupational health issues. Data were analysed with SPSS 22.0. Results: The online questionnaire filled out by a total of 166 beauty salon workers. workers (165 women and 1 man). The respondents had an average age of 35.21 years. The average working hours of the workers was 8.88 hours. 33.73% of the sample did not visited the occupational health setting at all. It can conclude that all of the respondents have chronical disease. Conclusions: The research confirmed that the employees of the beauty industry are exposed to a lot of health damaging factors, which is primarily the permanent contamination with chemical substances. The test results prove, that more emphasis should be placed on prevention and appearance in occupational health tests, as well as order to the personal protective equipment to use for healthy and safe working.]

HUN 2019;32(04)

Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice

AUGUST 30, 2019

[Meta-analysis about the Incontinence-associated dermatitis prevention ]

KÓSZÓ Lilla, NAGY Erika

[Background: The maintenance of tissue integrity is an essential part of qualitative nursing. There is a wide scale of products serving the prevention of Incontinence-associated Dermatitis (IAD). However, there is little evidence nurses know about them, making their choice of strategy difficult. Aim: To produce an evidence based publication about the preventive products of IAD, helping nurses in their choice of strategy. Method: In our meta analysis we examined the content of the Medline and Scopus database with special focus on English and Hungarian publications from the last ten years. From the 17459 articles relevant in this topic we analyzed and included 9 studies serving our criteria. Records: We found several methods of prevention; Washing without water, special absorbent pants, protocols and a study about the ’perineal pouch’. The studies were compared from the aspect of IAD prevalence, severity and cost effects. The 3in1 products and protokolls are should be used is the hungarian nursing practice.]

HUN 2019;32(04)

Lege Artis Medicinae

JANUARY 20, 2020

[Personality development in East and West, and some clinical implications ]

PUREBL György

[Exploring human personality focused mainly on trait and state markers of behaviour so far. Nevertheless, the concept of the universal, culture-independent model of personality carries more disturbing difficulties: hardly understandable inter-cultural conflicts, culture-related mental disorders and scientific experiences with unexpected outcomes. It can be hypothesized, that beside personality concept represented by the Euro-Atlantic civilisation and mainstream psychology there is an alternative concept of personality. Opposed to the independent, autonomous ego concept of individualistic cultures, collectivistic (primarily far-eastern) cultures are providing an interdependent model. According to this model, the core element of personality are determined rather by social embedding instead of the person’s own characteristics, which are secondary to the personal traits and characteristics. This study attempts to briefly outline the concept of interdependent personality, with some illustrative clinical examples. ]

HUN 2020;30(01-02)

Clinical Oncology

APRIL 10, 2019

[Oncological treatment on certain special cases]

FUTÓ Ildikó, HORVÁTH Dorottya Katalin, LANDHERR László

[Even in the absence of clinically signifi cant co-morbidities, cancer care is a major challenge for both patients and healthcare professionals. Routine anticancer treatment may be complicated by special clinical situations such as pregnancy or organ transplantation. The dosage of certain oncotherapy agents may be further affected by impaired renal and hepatic function or diabetes mellitus. These days, given the improved prognosis of cancerous diseases and increased survival, personalized therapy and prevention of long-term side effects is becoming particularly important, especially in the above-mentioned oncological situations. In this summary, we review the anticancer treatments recommended by ESMO in specifi c clinical situations.]

HUN 2019;6(02)

Clinical Oncology

FEBRUARY 20, 2019

[The role of artifi cial intelligence in precision medicine]

MESKÓ Bertalan

[The essence of practicing medicine has been obtaining as much data about the patient’s health or disease as possible and making decisions based on that. Physicians have had to rely on their experience, judgement, and problem-solving skills while using rudimentary tools and limited resources. With the cultural transformation called digital health, disruptive technologies have started to make advanced methods available not only to medical professionals but also to their patients. These technologies such as genomics, biotechnology, wearable sensors, or artifi cial intelligence (AI) are gradually leading to three major directions. They have been (1) making patients the point-of-care; (2) created a vast amount of data that require advanced analytics; and (3) made the foundation of precision medicine. Instead of developing treatments for populations and making the same medical decisions based on a few similar physical characteristics among patients, medicine has shifted toward prevention, personalization, and precision. In this shift and cultural transformation, AI is the key technology that can bring this opportunity to everyday practice.]

HUN 2019;6(01)

Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice

JUNE 30, 2019

Nurses‘ competences in preventive cardiology

IVANA Chloubová, VALÉRIE Tóthová

Introduction: The nurse education in the Czech Republic is based on the recommendations of the European Union, respecting the outcoming knowledge and skills of general nurses, formulated in basic competence criteria. Cardiovascular diseases rank among the main causes of death not only in many developed countries, but also in developing countries. Accent should be put on prevention of these diseases and the nurses should provide for efficient education. Goals and methods: The goal of the article consists in presenting the results of the analysis of the available sources focused on nurse education and the resulting competences in the field of cardiology, as well as in describing the system of health-educational activities of nurses in preventive cardiology in selected EU countries. The methods of research and structured interview were used. Results: The nurse‘s task in prevention of cardiovascular diseases consists in educating the public on influenceable risk factors which have significant impact on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, but also on people‘s quality of life. It is important to alert the people to changes in their own risk behaviours and to motivate them to activities leading to improved life style. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the nurses in preventive cardiology make use of the competences acquired through pregradual studies. However, the current practice requires increasing competences within postgradual education.

ENG 2019;32(03)

Hypertension and nephrology

DECEMBER 12, 2019

[Predictive factors for ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease among hypertensive patients based on the data of the Hungarian Hypertension Registry 2011-2013-2015. Part I. Hypertensive population aged 35 to 64 years]

KÉKES Ede, PAKSY András, SZEGEDI János, JÁRAI Zoltán

[The association of hypertension with ischemic heart disease, diabetes and chronic kidney disease is the greatest therapeutic challenge because these associations significantly increase mortality and deteriorate life expectancy. It is important for the clinician to clarify the predictive factors of each association for successful prevention or slowing the progression of diseases. According to the database of the Hungarian Hypertension Registry 2011-2013-2015, 11,137 men and 11,112 women with hypertension and comorbidities (CHD, diabetes, CKD) aged between 35 and 64 were analyzed for the purpose of assessing the predictive value of the traditional risk factors in co-morbidity. We analyzed the predictive weight of each variable with single- and multi-variable stepwise logistic regression, and reported Odds ratio (OR, odds ratio). In patients with hypertension aged 35-64 (male / female), the prevalence of CHD was 41.6% / 35.8%, diabetes 27.1% / 23% and KVB 16.2% / 33.8%, respectively. The chance of developing CHD is highest in hypertensive individuals (male/female) who have diabetes (OR 1.30/1.48), who are obese (OR 1.22/1.21), who smoke (OR 1.50/1.51), and whose blood pressure >140/90 mmHg (OR 1.23/1.29). The dominant predictive factors of type 2 diabetes are obesity (visceral obesity) (OR 1.46/1.49), low HDL cholesterol (OR 1.32/1.35), and high triglyceride levels (OR 1.20/1.42); in women the uric acid level also showed high odds ratio (OR 1.39). There is a significant chance of developing chronic kidney disease in hypertension in both sexes, if abnormal uric acid levels (OR 1.73/1.46) and inadequate treatment of high blood pressure (>140Hgmm SBP) (OR 1.43/1.19) are present. In women, the abnormal triglyceride level) also showed a high odd (OR 1.81).]

HUN 2019;23(06)