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Lege Artis Medicinae - 2005;15(04)
Content
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
[THE VALUE OF EXHALED NITRIC OXIDE IN ASTHMA BRONCHIALE - DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT]
[Although the differential diagnosis of asthma is simple in most cases, there are cases causing difficulties. Beside as an aid in diagnosis, there is a growing need for new tests to monitor airway inflammation to optimize and monitor the effect of treatment. Following the traditional methods used in everyday clinical practice a new method, the measurement of exhaled nitric oxide was introduced in the past decade. With this method, completely new information can be obtained about asthma supplementing other results in diagnosis making and disease monitoring. It is also expected to become the part of clinical practice in the next few years. The concentration of exhaled nitric oxide is elevated in asthmatic patients and its elevation is positively related to the degree of eosinophilic airway inflammation and symptoms. This measurement is approved in the European Union and in the USA for clinical use to monitor the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory treatment in asthma.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
[CLINICAL EXAMINATION OF ENZYME CATALASE AND ITS MUTATIONS IN HUNGARY]
[Hydrogen peroxide is formed during physiological and pathological processes in the human body. Hydrogen peroxide in high concentration and its more reactive compound (hydroxyl radical) can damage cells. Recent findings show that hydrogen peroxide in low concentration is required for many physiological pathways of cell signaling such as diabetes, platelet activation, inflammation, immune response. In human tissues the steady state concentration of hydrogen peroxide changes between 0.1 nmol/l-100 micromol/l. The main regulator of hydrogen peroxide metabolism is the enzyme catalase. This enzyme has a fast and high activity on high hydrogen peroxide concentrations and it shows a weak effect on its physiologic concentration. Acatalasemia, the inherited deficiency of enzyme catalase seems to be rather a syndrome than a simple enzyme deficiency as it was thought earlier. It is associated with changes in lipid, carbohydrate and erythrocyte metabolisms. Contrary to the the worldwide (11 countries) distribution of acatalasemia only two syndrome causing catalase mutations have been reported from Japan. Recently, four novel catalase mutations detected in one acatalasemic and 12 hypocatalasemic Hungarian families which mutations are responsible for the decreased catalase activity.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
[NOVEL RESULTS ON SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS]
[Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune disorder. It stands at the focus of medical interest: basic scientists, clinicians and innovative biotechnologists all pay attention to lupus. Authors of this article present the novel scientific results on the etiopathogenesis, clinical and laboratory characteristics of SLE. Furthermore, authors discuss diagnostic problems and the possible therapeutic modalities. One of the most important results is the characterisation and mapping of the susceptibility genes as well as the analysis of their functional features. More and more is known about the relationship between natural and adaptive immunity, about the cooperation of T and B cells. The abnormalities of intracellular biochemical processes and signal transduction pathways have been cleared. The importance of cytokine network and infective agents in the pathogenesis of SLE has largely been investigated recently. With regards to the outcome of the disease, there is growing attention paid on chronic organ damages, such as end-stage renal disease, osteoporosis and atherosclerosis - in connection with the increased life expectancy. Evidence accumulates on the importance of immune-inflammatory processes in the initiation and perpetuation of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. There is an urgent need for validated biomarkers which can predict the susceptibility, prognosis, clinical manifestations, activity and severity of SLE. To follow and measure the effectiveness of treatment is also required. Although the principals of lupus management have not changed, novel immune modulators, biological therapy and non-medical treatments (e.g. stem-cell transplantation) have become available. Further research and clinical observations may help to find the real place of such therapeutics.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
[COMPLEX TREATMENT OF OROPHARYNGEAL DYSPHAGIA]
[The authors focus on the rehabilitation of patients with dysphagia caused by surgical and/or irradiative treatment of head and neck tumors as well as neurogenic diseases. The complex rehabilitation includes treatment of the oropharyngeal swallowing dysfunction as well as the therapy of communicative disabilities. The home care of patients with dysphagia, which can not only be life threatening, but also causes social isolation, is an important task for the general practitioner.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
[RARE ASSOCIATION OF HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA, GRAVES’ DISEASE AND MYASTHENIA GRAVIS]
[INTRODUCTION - In some cases other diseases associate with Hodgkin’s lymphoma, when it is diagnosed or relapses. Association of Hodgkin’s lymphoma with Graves’ disease and myasthenia gravis in one patient has not yet been reported in the literature. CASE REPORT - We report on a young female patient who had suffered from Hodgkin’s lymphoma since 1996. He had received polychemotherapy and mantle field irradiation previously. After treatment, complete remission was stated in 2000. Then she was treated because of Graves’ disease. In 2001 she complained of dysarthria, dysphagia, ptosis and diplopia. Thorough examinations proved myasthenia gravis. Considering the progression plasmapheresis was administered several times with cyclophosphamide and intravenous immunglobulin, besides conservative therapy. Recently she is euthyroid state, Hodgkin’s disease is in remission and her only complaint is dysarthria. CONCLUSION - The importance of this case on one hand is the rare association of these diseases, on the other is that Graves’ disease and myasthenia gravis occurred during in the remission of Hodgkin’s disease. Causal relation is not unambiguous but the role of disturbed immunregulation caused by Hodgkin’s lymphoma or the irradiation of the neck region can also contribute to it. The pure coincidental occurrence of Hodgkin lymphoma, Graves’ disease and myasthenia gravis is highly unlikely.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
Lege Artis Medicinae
APRIL 20, 2005
1.
Clinical Neuroscience
[Headache registry in Szeged: Experiences regarding to migraine patients]
21. MAY
2.
Clinical Neuroscience
[The new target population of stroke awareness campaign: Kindergarten students ]
21. MAY
3.
Clinical Neuroscience
Is there any difference in mortality rates of atrial fibrillation detected before or after ischemic stroke?
27. NOV
4.
Clinical Neuroscience
Factors influencing the level of stigma in Parkinson’s disease in western Turkey
27. SEP
5.
Clinical Neuroscience
[The effects of demographic and clinical factors on the severity of poststroke aphasia]
18. JUL
1.
2.
Clinical Oncology
[Pancreatic cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up]
29. AUG
3.
Clinical Oncology
[Pharmacovigilance landscape – Lessons from the past and opportunities for future]
29. AUG
4.
5.