[The Effects of the Children’s Temperament and their Parents’ Dental Fear on developing Dental Fear]
APRÓ Zoltán1, NÉMETH Anikó2,3
AUGUST 31, 2021
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice - 2021;34(4)
Review
APRÓ Zoltán1, NÉMETH Anikó2,3
AUGUST 31, 2021
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice - 2021;34(4)
Review
Szöveg nagyítása:
[The aim the present study was to assess the level of dental fear among 5-7 years old children and its correlations with dental-hygienic habits and their temperament. Furthermore, the relationship of the dental fear of parents and children was also analysed. This cross-sectional study was conducted by the means of a self-constructed questionnaire in 2017. The responses of 70 people were analysed with the help of SPSS 22.0; descriptive statistics, 2-sample T-probes, Mann-Whitney probes, analyses of variance and correlations were calculated (p<0.05). High level of dental fear was detected by 30% of the included children. There was no correlation between the dental fear of the parents and their children’s. Dental fear had no effect on the frequency of tooth-brushing. Children’s dental fear had no correlation with either previous painful experiences at the dentist’s or the temperament of the child. Dental fear is present among children and not only family but dental hygienists might play an important role in reducing it. ]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Elevated risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events is associated with high prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Nurses working in occupational healthcare are ideally situated to identify individuals with undiagnosed PAD. The aim of the study: This study aimed to demonstrate that the ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a tool to be used by occupational health nurses in prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A cross-sectional study was carried out with patients (N=638) from an occupational healthcare setting in 2021. The ABI was measured with an oscillometric blood pressure device. The measurements were analysed with the help of SPSS 22.0; descriptive statistics were calculated. A total of 638 patients were included. Mean age of the population studied was 46.5 ± 8.2 years; 38.4% were men and 61.6% were women. Mean ABI were 1.08 in right legs, 1.06 in left legs. Only 11 subjects (1.72%) had an ABI < 0.90. Occupational health nurses are able to identify key factors related to PAD, including use of the ABI, and to identify individuals with the disease. The determination of ABI using an oscillometric blood pressure device is feasible and easy to implement in occupational healthcare.]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Delirium is defined as a disturbance of consciousness and cognition that develops over a short period of time and fluctuates over time. During the last decade, the number of publications dealing with different aspects of delirium have been grown. The key points in most articles are pharmacological prevention and treatment, but because the rise of health care expenditures, all activities, which cost-effectively support the care process, is getting more and more important. The aim of the study: The aim of this research is to review the non-pharmacological prevention and treatment possibilities of delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery. Systematic review, using articles published between 1999 and 2019 in PubMed and Wiley Online Libraries. Non-pharmacologic treatments significantly reduced the incidence (p=0.003–0.045) and duration (p=0.009–0.03) of delirium. The interventions also contributed to decrease the number of episodes (p=0.03), and to make the symptoms lighter. Early mobilisation and adequate fluid and electrolyte intake are key factors in reducing the incidence of delirium. Measuring oxygen saturation and support, appropriate nutrition, effective pain treatment, minimizing drug-interactions, maintaining good sleep and managing sensory dysfunctions have an effect on incidence, duration and severity of delirium.]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[To identify recent national trends in the employment and earnings of nursing personnel in primary healthcare and determine whether salaries and wage growth are associated with changes in the employment. The cross-sectional survey was conducted between 17 May 2021 and 17 June 2021 among nurses working in general, child and family practices, and dental practices selected using a random, sampling method (N=2007). The data gathering took place using a web-based, anonymous, self-completion questionnaire. The authors analysed the gathered data with Microsoft Excel 2007 and SPSS 22.0 software, employing descriptive statistical methods. Participants are highly experienced, with 80% reporting more than 16 years of experience. 7.9% of nurses are educated at or above the baccalaureate level. The majority (89.5%) work full-time as employees of their organizations (95.4%). The GP’s territorial care obligation disparities in nurses salaries documented here should spark healthcare policymakers to conduct pay equity assessments of employees’ salaries to identify and ameliorate pay inequality. The study findings also indicate that tailoring salaries to qualification for the individual nurses may aid in recruiting and retaining nurses in practice. ]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[The aim of the research is to assess the knowledge on childbearing of female patients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), thereby understanding the effects of IBD on childbearing. The survey was conducted in 2021 from February to March, using a quantitative research method, not a random sampling technique. The self-designed, self-administered questionnaire was designed for those female members of the population who had previously been diagnosed with IBD (N=200 individuals). The processing and evaluation of the data and the examination of the hypotheses were made using descriptive statistics. 83% of the women in the study were between the ages of 18 and 40, and 65% would like to have a child. 40.5% of them received information about having a child, which affected 38.5% of them about the issue of having a child. According to 70.5% of the respondents, the condition of their illness and their medication has influence on the chances of getting pregnant, the outcome of the pregnancy and the condition of the fetus. Complications during previous pregnancy has affected 63.7% of respondents in the next childbirth. 63% of respondents stated that their awareness of illness negatively affects their mental state. Recommendations by an IBD care professional would be followed by 90.5% of respondents. Based on the results, it can be concluded that female patients with IBD would need additional information regarding both childbearing and their illness, and in addition, psychological support is of paramount importance.]
Clinical Neuroscience
[Background and objective - No recent publications are available about pneumococcal meningitis in Hungarian children. The aim of this study was to collect data of epidemiological, clinical and prognostic features of pneumococcal meningitis in children treated at Szent László Hospital, Budapest, Hungary. Methods - We conducted a retrospective review of medical charts and follow-up records of patients aged 1 to 18 years admitted to our Pediatric and Pediatric Intensive Care Units due to pneumococcal meningitis between 1st Jan 1998 and 30th Jun 2007. Results - 31 children with 34 cases of pneumococcal meningitis were admitted to our hospital in the study period. Two children developed recurrent illness. The mean age was 6 years, 26% were under 1 year of age. The mean duration of hospital stay was 21 days, 97% required intensive care. Frequent clinical symptoms were fever (100%), nuchal rigidity and vomiting (78%), altered mental status (71%), Kernig's and Brudzinski's signs (58%) and seizures (41%). Otitis media, sinusitis, mastoiditis were present in 44%, 58%, 41%, respectively. Subdural effusion, parenchymal cerebral lesion and sinus thrombosis were documented in 5, 3 and 2 cases, respectively. One third of the patients recieved ceftriaxon, two thirds were administered ceftriaxon and vancomycin. Adjunctive therapy with dexamethason was given to 91% of the children. 70% of patients required mechanical ventillation. 9 patients (25%) required endoscopic sinus surgery. In 13 cases (38%) mastoidectomy, in 5 children (15%) neurosurgery was performed. The case fatality rate was 23.5%. 8 (23.5%) patients had mild or moderate, 1 child (3%) developed severe neurological sequelae. Conclusion - Pneumococcal meningitis in children remains a source of substantial morbidity and mortality in childhood. The long hospital stay, the frequent need for intensive care and severe neurologic sequelae emphasize the importance of early diagnosis, early treatment and prevention with pneumococcal conjugate vaccines.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
[Psychiatric problems are a common comorbid condition in patients with cardiovascular disease. Depression is a well-known risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and mortality too. Psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases are prevalent public health problems in the western world. Depression is associated with endothelial dysfunction and increased platelet aggregation, which may explain the consequent cardiovascular complications. Specific affective temperaments may be associated with special cardiovascular diseases. Antidepressant therapy does not only reduce depression but also cardiac mortality.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
[INTRODUCTION - The prevalence of overweightness and obesity among children is increasing in Hungary, while the inadequate or excessive intake of some nutrients is also representative. Keeping these inappropriate lifestyle habits in adulthood could significantly worsen the health status of the rising generation. METHOD - The sample is representative for the 4-10 year old children of Budapest and Kecskemét city. The dietary assessment was executed, using the internationally accepted 3 day dietary record method. Body mass index was also calculated from the measured body weight and height, creating BMI categories according to the Cole methodology. RESULTS - The ratio of overweightness and obesity resulted in 21% (19% for the 4-6 year old, 24% for the 7-10 year old), while 13% of them belonged to the underweight category. The nutritional problems, identified by adults, like the excessive fat intake, its inappropriate composition, the high sodium-, low calcium- and vitamin D intake already appears in the early stages of life. CONCLUSION - The results prove, that the education for healthy nutrition among children is in high priority, in which all stakeholders, like the parents, the governmental and non-governmental organisations, the educational institutes as well as the food industry plays an important role. ]
Lege Artis Medicinae
[INTRODUCTION - Starting first aid education in early childhood can be an effective method of knowledge transfer. AIM - Our aim was to examine first aid education related opinions of kindergarten- and primary school children, educators, and parents. MATERIALS AND METHODS - 871 people (children, educators, parents) were involved in our study. Opinions were measured with self-administered questionnaires, containing mainly open questions. RESULTS - General opinion of parents and educators on first aid education in childhood were mainly positive, but they also gave negative ones. The majority of participants had a positive opinion about our completed program. Based on the opinions of parents and educators first aid education is recommended by health care professionals. Opinions were independent from gender, age, lenght of time of working with children in all cases (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS - General opinion of parents and educators was varied, but it was generally positive concerning our program. Based on this results opinions can be changed with concrete activities. ]
Clinical Neuroscience
[Introduction- The only Hungarian video EEG laboratorywhere children of ages 0-18 can be continuously monitoredfor several days was opened 1 June 2001 at Department ofNeurology of Bethesda Children’s Hospital.Objectives- Summarizing our 10 years of experience withthe video EEG monitoring (VEM) of children and defining theplace of VEM in the treatment of childhood epilepsy inHungary.Patients and methods- We have processed data from 597monitoring sessions on 541 patients between June 1, 2001and 31 May, 2011 based on our database and the detailedsummaries of the procedures. Results- 509 patients were under the age of 18. The average length of the sessions was 3.1 days. We haveobserved habitual episodes or episodes in question in 477(80%) sessions. 241 (40%) sessions were requested with anepilepsy surgery indication, and 74 patients had 84 opera-tions. 356 (60%) were requested with a differential diagnosisindication, and 191 (53%) cases of epilepsy werediagnosed. We most commonly diagnosed symptomaticgeneralized epilepsy (57 cases). In 165 sessions the episodein question was not diagnosed as epilepsy. Among theparoxysmal episodes we have identified events ofpsychogenic origin, movement disorders, sleep disordersand behavioral disorders. Only 3% of the differential diag-nosis procedures brought no additional clinical information.Discussion- The diagnostic efficiency in our VEM laborato-ry is in accordance with the data found in the literature.Besides epilepsy surgery VEM is recommended if suspectedepileptic episodes occur and interictal epileptiform signs arenot present or are not in accordance with the symptoms, ifthere is no explanation for therapy resistance and if paroxys-mal episodes of non-epileptic origin are suspected but theycannot be identified based on the anamnesis. VEM is also helpful in diagnosing subtle seizures. The procedure hasnumerous additional benefits in patient care and in trainingthe parents and hospital staff. ]
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