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Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice - 2016;29(05)
Content
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
OCTOBER 30, 2016
[Delivery of the bad news communication in the pediatrics]
[The aim of the study: Evaluation of health professionals’ attitude and the circumstances of delivering bad news in a pediatric inpatient institute. Materials and methods: Exploring, quantitative and cross-section study with the help of self-administered questionnaires among doctors and nurses (n=109). The electronic software used for analysis: SPSS 20.0. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and ANOVA-test were applied (p<0.05). Satisfaction with the delivery of bad news and the circumstances of communication were considered as dependent variables. Demographic data, as well as experience in communication trainings/ skills in delivering bad news were defined as independent variables. Results: Health professionals working in the studied institute cannot rely on any protocol regarding the delivery of bad news. However 65.1% of respondents feel the need for a guideline. 56% of subjects did not have any education on the communication of bad news. Emotional support of parents is achieved through information materials (24.8%) and psychological guidance (60.6%). Conclusions: The study shows that in pediatric institutes it would be necessary to work out a guideline for delivering bad news and to organize communicational trainings for those involved.]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
OCTOBER 30, 2016
[Empathy research among nurses - comparison of the scales empathy: Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI)]
[Aim of the research: comparison of the two internationally validated self-administered questionnaire (Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) (Hojat et al., 2001, 2002a, 2002b, 2003) and the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) (Davis, 1983) - during empathy research among nurses. Research and sampling methods: a quantitative cross-sectional study applying two internationally validated self-administered questionnaire (Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE)), as well as home-made socio-demographic survey, shared online. The online questionnaires have been completed by 101 nurses in different age, having different qualification levels and working currently in Hungary in different areas of health care. The sample consists of 91 women and 10 men nurses. 89 nurses work in hospitals in the sample, 7 of them work in health centre one of them is ambulance officer and 4 of them are home nurse. Results: The applied questionnaire is acceptable based on the reliability statistical analysis (Cronbach’s 0.798 and 0.817). The results of IRI show in scale exploiting the professional specificity. In case of Perspective taking the used scale range is 11-28, while in the case of personal distress it shrank to 2-22 interval (as long as the total range is 1-28). Average and standard deviation in each dimension are (s): EC = 19.4 (s = 4.26); PT = 18.5 (s = 4.26); FS = 17.23 (s = 5.32), and PD = 10.85 (s = 4.66). In the total range of JSPE scale the mean empathy level is 98.5 and the standard deviation is 14.425. The same correlation relationship turned up between these two questionnaires as the developer published. These underline profession specific dimensions with direct association of the patient care (r factor EC=0,507, PT=0,447). Most of the questions related to socio-demographic factors have not been verified. Relationship emerged between the gender and the IRI personal distress dimension and the empathy value of JSPE according to the assumption for the benefit of women. It appears in scale of JSPE in perspective taking factor primarily. The extra working time had no show link with empathy, but private sector workers’ empathic concern was higher. The religion as a sociological characteristics was represented in the fantasy scale dimension of the IRI with a significantly higher value. It failed to detect any connection between the empathy and satisfaction of needs. Conclusion: Based on the study the JSPE questionnaire is admissible in Hungary. Next to the IRI it can reveal the empathy dimensions major from the patient’s view and it can make so comparable the empathy levels in other similar research projects. The women’s higher emphatic level was verified, but the length of the practice, the qualification and other socio-demographic aspects need further investigation, their effect aren’t discovered even in the research literature. Researchers steady emphasize how important is the empathy in the patient care to improve the efficacy of which would be accounted in Hungarian postgraduate courses as well. ]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
OCTOBER 30, 2016
[Prenatal care and the role of midwifery in Europe and in Hungary]
[Aim of the study: To provide a picture about the prenatal care practice and assess the attitude of obstetrics and midwives about the new prenatal care system in Hungary. To compare the Hungarian prenatal care system with that of other countries in the European Union (Finland, England). Procedure and Sample: We used self-developed questionarre with 50 midwives, 40 pregnants and interview with 5 midwives and 5 obstetricians. To compare the prenatal care systems in the EU we used the experienses of a study trip in Finland and informations from international databases. Results: 8% of the midwives work in prenatal care, 32% of participants are not interested in this field. In their view the new system is not elaborated yet, they need more professional survellance. Obstetricians acknowledge the competence of midwifery, however they suggest to gain more practical knowledge on the field. 75% of participating pregnant women would have chosen the prenatal care of obstetricians. The role of midwives in prenatal care is significant in Europe. The Hungarian system is unique, which is approached to the european practice by introduce the new prenatal care system. Discussion: The new Hungarian prenatal care system has several loops in its structure and effectiveness from the view of midwives and obstetricians.]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
OCTOBER 30, 2016
[Innovation - the miracle drug for the problems of our national healthcare]
[The aim of the study: get to choose what kind of institutional care workers approach, attitudes, needs of the patient and the possibilities offered by the institute in the field of clinical pharmacology studies. To assess how informed professional staff and patients about clinical trials and how relationships are in the area to join clinical trials from both sides. Test methods and sample: The research was descriptive statistical method, typically numeric data gathering. To carry out the data collection realized questionnaires, the study carried out in two directions, side of the patient and health professional approaching. Results: Based on the results of the survey has been stopping that most doctors - nexus between the patient and their disease outcome in patients affected by their decisions. 62.5% of the professional staff motivated to participate in the trials. Conclusions: The studies offer a range of possibilities, such as grills experience in development of innovative products, techniques, and the use of professionally organized and structured testing methodologies.]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
OCTOBER 30, 2016
[The analysis of influencing factors of population’s participation in colorectal screening programs]
[Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate the influencing factors of participation in screening programs in the population, and to make suggestions to improve the participation rate of these programs. Sample and method: The study was retrospective and not randomised. Self-administered questionnaire was applied among general practitioners’ patients in specific outpatient units of Győr (n=210). SPSS statistical program was used to analyse the data with descriptive and mathematical statistics. Results: 30 % of the sample was male and 70% was female. 50% of the respondents did not know the colorectal screening methods, and only 30% participated in one of them. The reasons of refusal to participate in a screening program were lack of symptoms and fear of the investigation. 94% of the respondents thought that they and other people in their environment could be motivated to participate in the colorectal screening programs. The most effective method was indicated as adequate information about the programs provided by GPs. Conclusions: Our results showed that the given population does not have enough information about colorectal cancer and its screening methods, and several misleading information exists among them, which is resulted in low participation rate of screening programs. ]
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
OCTOBER 30, 2016
[The fundamental concepts of transcultural nursing]
[This publication is focused on fundamental concepts of transcultural nursing. It aims to raise awareness of nurses the importance of transcultural nursing. The founder of transcultural nursing is Madeleine M. Leininger (1925-2012).]
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Clinical Neuroscience
Alexithymia is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease
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