[When Salt Intake is Restricted, Reduced Fructose Intake Does Not Reduce Blood Pressure Further, but Allopurinol Does]
VÁLYI Péter
FEBRUARY 10, 2016
Hypertension and nephrology - 2016;20(01)
VÁLYI Péter
FEBRUARY 10, 2016
Hypertension and nephrology - 2016;20(01)
Hypertension and nephrology
[Prompt recognition and evaluation of hypertensive urgencies and emergencies can substantially decrease definitive target organ damage and mortality. Most frequent cause of sudden increase in blood pressure is stopping antihypertensive treatment. In hypertensive crises quickly acting parenteral drugs are of choice, while in urgencies orally administered ones might be sufficient. Cerebral and coronary hypoperfusion should be avoided therefore blood pressure must be decreased gradually.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[Introduction: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a glycoprotein hormone, which is responsible for the proliferation and differentiation of erythroid cell lines. Since it is widely used as the treatment of renal anaemia, EPO-resistance is a common concern. Aims: We aimed to perform in vitro experiments to investigate a possible mechanism of EPO-hyporesponsiveness. Methods: We used a factor dependent erythroblast cell line (TF-1). Two independent observers calculated cell counts simultaneously on day 1; 2 and 3 in Bürker cell counting chambers. Colorimetric method was used to measure protein concentrations. Measurement of protein-bound para-, ortho- and meta-tyrosine was performed with reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. We determined ERK and STAT5 activation using Western blot method. Results: In case of ortho- and meta-tyrosine pretreated cells time-dependent, EPOinduced proliferative activity was decreased compared to the 1.7 fold elevation of cell counts seen in para-tyrosine cultured cells. Protein concentration of ortho- and metatyrosine treated samples was significantly lower than control cells on the third day. Addition of para-tyrosine reclaimed EPO-sensitivity. Erythroblasts treated with orthoor meta-tyrosine contained lower concentrations of protein-bound para-tyrosine with higher ortho- and meta-tyrosine content. EPO dependent activation of ERK and STAT5 could be inhibited by ortho- or meta-tyrosine treatment. Conclusions: Elevated level of protein-bound ortho- and meta-tyrosine in erythroblasts can result in the pathological modification of intracellular signaling, leading to EPOhyporesponsiveness.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[Authors studies the incidence of hypertensive patients with prediabetes - according to the IFG criteria - based on the 2005 Hungarian Hypertension registry (38849 subject) and on the „Live under 140/90” sub-program („Prevent it”) (23670 subject) database. The presences of diabetes patients were excluded. IFG incidence (from 5,6 to 7,1 mmol/l) was found between 13-18% of the adult population over 40 years. In men, the incidence was significantly higher. In individuals with IFG the BMI, waist circumference values were significantly higher than the average normal values and exceeded the danger zone. For women significantly higher values were found. These patients had higher total cholesterol and blood pressure values. After three months of intensive supervision, counseling, care over every 40 years age group - without medication - significantly decrease the fasting blood glucose values. They presented the international experiences of prediabetes.]
Hypertension and nephrology
Hypertension and nephrology
Although vertigo is one of the most common complaints, intracranial malignant tumors rarely cause sudden asymmetry between the tone of the vestibular peripheries masquerading as a peripheral-like disorder. Here we report a case of simultaneous temporal bone infiltrating macro-metastasis and disseminated multi-organ micro-metastases presenting as acute unilateral vestibular syndrome, due to the reawakening of a primary gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. Purpose – Our objective was to identify those pathophysiological steps that may explain the complex process of tumor reawakening, dissemination. The possible causes of vestibular asymmetry were also traced. A 56-year-old male patient’s interdisciplinary medical data had been retrospectively analyzed. Original clinical and pathological results have been collected and thoroughly reevaluated, then new histological staining and immunohistochemistry methods have been added to the diagnostic pool. During the autopsy the cerebrum and cerebellum was edematous. The apex of the left petrous bone was infiltrated and destructed by a tumor mass of 2x2 cm in size. Histological reexamination of the original gastric resection specimen slides revealed focal submucosal tumorous infiltration with a vascular invasion. By immunohistochemistry mainly single infiltrating tumor cells were observed with Cytokeratin 7 and Vimentin positivity and partial loss of E-cadherin staining. The subsequent histological examination of necropsy tissue specimens confirmed the disseminated, multi-organ microscopic tumorous invasion. Discussion – It has been recently reported that the expression of Vimentin and the loss of E-cadherin is significantly associated with advanced stage, lymph node metastasis, vascular and neural invasion and undifferentiated type with p<0.05 significance. As our patient was middle aged and had no immune-deficiency, the promoting factor of the reawakening of the primary GC malignant disease after a 9-year-long period of dormancy remained undiscovered. The organ-specific tropism explained by the “seed and soil” theory was unexpected, due to rare occurrence of gastric cancer to metastasize in the meninges given that only a minority of these cells would be capable of crossing the blood brain barrier. Patients with past malignancies and new onset of neurological symptoms should alert the physician to central nervous system involvement, and the appropriate, targeted diagnostic and therapeutic work-up should be established immediately. Targeted staining with specific antibodies is recommended. Recent studies on cell lines indicate that metformin strongly inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of gastric cancer cells. Therefore, further studies need to be performed on cases positive for epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
Clinical Neuroscience
[Background – Dizziness is one of the most frequent complaints when a patient is searching for medical care and resolution. This can be a problematic presentation in the emergency department, both from a diagnostic and a management standpoint. Purpose – The aim of our study is to clarify what happens to patients after leaving the emergency department. Methods – 879 patients were examined at the Semmelweis University Emergency Department with vertigo and dizziness. We sent a questionnaire to these patients and we had 308 completed papers back (110 male, 198 female patients, mean age 61.8 ± 12.31 SD), which we further analyzed. Results – Based on the emergency department diagnosis we had the following results: central vestibular lesion (n = 71), dizziness or giddiness (n = 64) and BPPV (n = 51) were among the most frequent diagnosis. Clarification of the final post-examination diagnosis took several days (28.8%), and weeks (24.2%). It was also noticed that 24.02% of this population never received a proper diagnosis. Among the population only 80 patients (25.8%) got proper diagnosis of their complaints, which was supported by qualitative statistical analysis (Cohen Kappa test) result (κ = 0.560). Discussion – The correlation between our emergency department diagnosis and final diagnosis given to patients is low, a phenomenon that is also observable in other countries. Therefore, patient follow-up is an important issue, including the importance of neurotology and possibly neurological examination. Conclusion – Emergency diagnosis of vertigo is a great challenge, but despite of difficulties the targeted and quick case history and exact examination can evaluate the central or peripheral cause of the balance disorder. Therefore, to prevent declination of the quality of life the importance of further investigation is high.]
Clinical Neuroscience
[A growing body of evidence suggests that sleep plays an essential role in the consolidation of different memory systems, but less is known about the beneficial effect of sleep on relational memory processes and the recognition of emotional facial expressions, however, it is a fundamental cognitive skill in human everyday life. Thus, the study aims to investigate the effect of timing of learning and the role of sleep in relational memory processes. 84 young adults (average age: 22.36 (SD: 3.22), 21 male/63 female) participated in our study, divided into two groups: evening group and morning group indicating the time of learning. We used the face-name task to measure relational memory and facial expression recognition. There were two sessions for both groups: the immediate testing phase and the delayed retesting phase, separated by 24 hours. 84 young adults (average age: 22.36 (SD: 3.22), 21 male/63 female) participated in our study, divided into two groups: evening group and morning group indicating the time of learning. We used the face-name task to measure relational memory and facial expression recognition. There were two sessions for both groups: the immediate testing phase and the delayed retesting phase, separated by 24 hours. Our results suggest that the timing of learning and sleep plays an important role in the stabilizing process of memory representation to resist against forgetting.]
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Clinical Neuroscience
Alexithymia is associated with cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease3.
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Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Examination of the Strength of Core- and Perineal Muscles in Case of Different Movements]2.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Examination of Parental Treatment among Outgoing Ambulance Workers]3.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[BLS Quality Assessment – The Effectiveness of Telephone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Instruction]4.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[The History of the Founding of the first State School of Nursing ]5.
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