KISS István, ALFÖLDI Sándor, BARNA István, JÁRAI Zoltán, SIMONYI Gábor, SZEGEDI János, PAKSY András, UGRAI Péter, KÉKES Ede
AUGUST 20, 2018
Hypertension and nephrology - 2018;22(02 klsz)
[The aim of the study was to increase the rate of target blood pressure and reduce blood pressure variability. This dual objective ensures optimal therapeutic success. In order to reach this goal, we wanted to increase the care of patients with hypertension by increasing patient-physician-assistant cooperation and providing telemedicinal devices.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[The authors analysed in detail the data of 4071 “active” and 2654 “nonactive” groups of patients. In the 18-64 age group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly reduced during the first three months of the baseline, and maintained for a further year. The largest systolic pressure drop was achieved by members of the active group using the Medigen application. The blood pressure target rate (< of 140/90 mmHg) in the active and non-active group was significantly higher than the baseline at all visit times (above 70%) and this decrease could be maintained throughout the observation period. Here the most favorable results were also found in Medigen software applications. Over the age of 65, reaching the target blood pressure increased significantly in the first three months as well, but due to the significantly uneven number of the two groups, the data received was only considered as approximate value. Main factors of non-achievement of target blood pressure: obesity, alcohol consumption, diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disorder, and the fact that the individual is male. Increases the access probabilities of Medigen users by 21% compared to non-users of the active group. Compared to the inactive group, this chance increase is 31%. The difference in target blood pressure reach between the active and non-active group was even more pronounced in diabetic hypertensive patients. The analysis demonstrates that drug treatment in domestic and ESH guidelines is fully consistent with and reflects well on domestic clinical practice.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[Telemedicine is now an indispensable part of healthcare and has overtaken the development of hospital information systems. Modern basic and specialized care requires the development of a state-of-the-art communication system between the patient and the physician. One of the main reasons for this is the attempt to raise the level of disease to a higher level, increase the level of prevention and care, involve the patient in the treatment, and care process as an active participant. The latter as a demand is growing ever since the various forms of telecommunication are becoming more and more informed. The technical solutions of telemedicine appear in two forms: In one, the signs and the values of the medical devices (sensors) through the various telecommunication systems are transmitted to the physician. The other solution is using smart phones and other devices (iPad, tablet), where patients send signals, data, and symptoms to your doctor. However, patient information (eg diet, lifestyle, etc.) and instructions from your doctor may arise, a continuous medical consultation can be established in which the patient is a doctor’s partner. This solution is promoted by the rapid spread of telecommunication tools in all layers of society. Authors present the methods of both solutions and details the practical aspects of telemedicine methods in hypertension disease.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[Hypertension is the one of most frequent chronic disease which a major but modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. In treating of hypertension after life style therapy, drug treatment has an essential role. Patient adherence plays a significant role achieving target blood pressure. One of most important cause of resistant hypertension is the non-adherence. Factors influencing adherence include the number of drugs, their daily dosage frequency, the properties of the drug groups used, age and gender too. According to international and domestic studies, the number of people leaving medication is very high. The disadvantage is clear because these patients lack of benefit from the protective effects of drugs.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[The authors evaluate the indexes and their usefulness of the short term (ABPM), medium and long term measurement of the blood pressure variability in the care phase of the hypertensive population in Hungary by using a one-year multicentre prospective observational study. The population was split into two parts: in the active group, telemedicine tools were used to maximize the patientphysician relationship and patient education, their own activity. In the non-active group, traditional care took place. Among these, 6725, 18-64 years and 1005, 65 + years of hypertensive patients were analysed. At the start of the study, ABPM was performed in 243 cases. 1407 diabetic hypertensive patients were compared to non-diabetic patients. They have analysed previous international and domestic experiences. In the present study, the reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure variability was successful and significant in the 18-64 age group during the whole patients’ care phase, but a larger systolic variability reduction in the active group was achieved. In the 65+s, the systolic variability reduction was found to be significant, but the variability indexes in the active group were also smaller. In the 65+s, the diastolic variability did not change significantly in either group. In diabetic hypertension, variability indices were only reduced to 12 months. It could be clearly demonstrated that a high-level physician patient relationship has a beneficial effect on blood pressure fluctuation in hypertensive patients.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[According to the latest guidelines, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) is both recommended in diagnosing and treating hypertension. The spreading of ABPM is explained by the fact that there are several benefits to the office of blood pressure measurements in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis of hypertension, in the prognostic setting and during therapeutic adjustment. Compared to ABPM, home blood pressure measurement (HBPM) provides information on a substantially longer period of blood pressure, is cheaper, more accessible and more comfortable for the patient. It improves patient-doctor cooperation and therefore the success of setting blood pressure. At the same time, it does not provide information on ABPM over sleep and workplace blood pressure or shortterm blood pressure variability. Thus, the two methods provide complementary information. Finally, we analyse the results of the ABPM subwork of the CONADPER study.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[Affective temperaments (cyclothymic, hypertymic, depressive, anxious, irritable) are stable parts of personality and after adolescent only their minor changes are detectable. Their connections with psychopathology is well-described; depressive temperament plays role in major depression, cyclothymic temperament in bipolar II disorder, while hyperthymic temperament in bipolar I disorder. Moreover, scientific data of the last decade suggest, that affective temperaments are also associated with somatic diseases. Cyclothymic temperament is supposed to have the closest connection with hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is higher parallel with the presence of dominant cyclothymic affective temperament and in this condition the frequency of cardiovascular complications in hypertensive patients was also described to be higher. In chronic hypertensive patients cyclothymic temperament score is positively associated with systolic blood pressure and in women with the earlier development of hypertension. The background of these associations is probably based on the more prevalent presence of common risk factors (smoking, obesity, alcoholism) with more pronounced cyclothymic temperament. The scientific importance of the research of the associations of personality traits including affective temperaments with somatic disorders can help in the identification of higher risk patient subgroups.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
[Diuretics have remained the cornerstone of the antihypertensive treatment since their widespreading in the 1960s. According to the 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension, in the absence of evidence from direct comparator trials and recognizing that many of the approved single-pill combinations are based on hydrochlorothiazide, this drug and thiazide-like indapamide can be considered suitable antihypertensive agents. In the 2018 Hungarian guidelines indapamide is named as the most efficacious diuretic in the treatment of patients with hypertension. The aim of the publication is redefining thiazide- and thiazide-like diuretic use in the treatment of hypertensive patients, with particular attention to presently available hydrochlorothiazide and indapamide, and their combination drugs in Hungary.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a very common comorbidity of hypertension and it is often unrecognised by physicians. The factors involved in the pathomechanism of both diseases should be realised when choosing treatment. Among factors, hypoxia, increased tone of sympathetic nervous system and activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system should primarily be considered. Vascular wall damage and endothelial dysfunction has an important role in both conditions. The goals of treatment are elimination of risk factors, optimizing the blood pressure, the consequential prevention of cardio-cerebrovascular, renal and pulmonary damage; finally prolonging the patients’ life and improving their quality of life as well. Both hypertension and COPD significantly worsen the condition of COVID-19 patients since they increase the severity of the disease and the rate of in-patients’ and their mortality. In the treatment of hypertension among COPD and COVID-19 patients there must be emphasized the medication inhibiting of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin-II AT1 receptor antagonists. Special attention concerned the beneficial effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone. Other antihypertensive drugs (calcium channel blockers, thiazide-like diuretics, high selectivity β1 receptor antagonists) may supplement the treatment if necessary. Long-acting β2 receptor agonists, muscarinic receptor antagonists and inhalation corticosteroids may be administered in double or triple combination also in hypertension and COPD as well. It is important to note, that statin therapy and also vitamin D3 improve the condition of COVID-19 patients.]
Lege Artis Medicinae
[Parkinson’s disease is the elderly people’s condition which increases the risk of infections in the upper airways in its advanced stages. Specific diseases (as hypertension, diabetes mellitus), older age and the male sex are significantly worsening the course of COVID-19. It would be challenging to examine parallel these diseases, since they are raising two important questions. First, if Parkinson’s disease be a risk factor of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. Secondly, how the COVID-19 pandemic can influence the Parkinson’s disease patients. The authors are seeking answers to these questions based on the published results in the topic concerned.]
Hypertension and nephrology
[Purpose: Monitoring the effectiveness and safety of the fix combination formulation Egiramlon® therapy containing ramipril and amlodipin in patients, suffering from mild or moderate hypertension despite antihypertensive treatment. Patients and methods: Open, prospective, phase IV clinical observational study, which involved 9169 patients (age >18) with mild or moderate hypertension [TUKEB No: 16927- 1/2012/EKU (294/PI/12.)]. Ramipril/Amlodipin 5/5, 5/10, 10/5, 10/10 mg combinations were administered/ titrated in three visits, during the four months period according to the physician’s decision Blood pressure was measured by validated blood pressure sphygmomanometry and ABPM (Meditech, Hungary). The dosis of the fix combination formulation was determined individually during the visits by the 923 doctors involved in the study. The target blood pressure value was 140/90 mmHg, but in case of high risk patients population (diagnosed cardiovascular disease, diabetes), 130/90 mmHg target value was determined. Results: In 70.1% of the patients had no protocoll deviation. Patients data and examination results were processed according to this 6423 patient population. The average age of the patients were 60.2 year, in 50-50% sex distribution. The average duration of the treated hypertension was 9.8 years and the average blood pressure value was 157/91 mmHg. Till the end of the study, systolic blood pressure has decreased with 26.4 mmHg and diastolic pressure with 11.8 mmHg. An average 5.5 bpm heart rate frequency decreasing was observed at the end of the study. As a result of the treatment 52.4% of the patient population has reached the target blood pressure value.]
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