Clinical Oncology - 2020;7(4)

Clinical Oncology

DECEMBER 30, 2020

[Contemporary treatment of the malignant tumors of the uterus]

ÁROKSZÁLLÁSI Anita

[Yearly around half a million women are diagnosed with uterine cancer worldwide, having leaded to 90,000 deaths in 2018. Endometrial cancers (ECs) are the most common forms of gynaecological malignancies, while sarcomas represent not more than 3% of uterine cancers. In 80-85% of cases ECs are low-grade and diagnosed at an early stage, therefore potentially curable by surgical procedure and postoperative radiotherapy (if necessary). However, the optimal adjuvant management of high risk ECs is... tovább »

HUN 2020;7(4)

Clinical Oncology

DECEMBER 30, 2020

[The highlights of the 2020 ESMO virtual congress]

SZÖLLŐSI Regő

[The year of 2020 brought unexpected challenges to the healthcare systems all around the globe. Every country had to reorganise their medical priorities to face the COVID19 pandemic. The practice of virtual medicine has expanded in the past years, these new circumstances have increased its speed drastically. Within these unusual circumstances we could take part in the virtual congress of the ESMO 2020 where we were able to hear about the new results of oncology to provide up-to-date care for... tovább »

HUN 2020;7(4)

Clinical Oncology

DECEMBER 30, 2020

[Tumor-agnostic therapy in oncology]

UHLYARIK Andrea

[Tumor-agnostic therapy is considered as a promising therapeutic approach in oncology, however classification, validation of the targets and standardized methodology for their evaluation is mandatory. The development and approval of the tumor-agnostic drugs should be based on biomarker driven clinical trials. To date three validated biomarkers are known, the high microsatellite instability (MSI-H), the fusion of the neurotrophic-receptor-tyrosine-kinase (NTKR) genes, and the high mutation... tovább »

HUN 2020;7(4)

Clinical Oncology

DECEMBER 30, 2020

[The forefront of ovarian cancer therapy: update on PARP inhibitors]

MIRZA M R, COLEMAN R L, GONZÁLEZ-MARTIN A, MOORE K N, COLOMBO N, RAY-COQUARD I, PIGNATA S

[In recurrent ovarian cancer, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-inhibiting agents have transformed the treatment of platinum-sensitive disease. New data support use of PARP inhibitors earlier in the treatment algorithm. We review results from recent phase III trials evaluating PARP inhibitors as treatment and/or maintenance therapy for patients with newly diagnosed ovarian cancer. We discuss the efficacy and safety of these agents in the all-comer and biomarker-selected populations studied in... tovább »

HUN 2020;7(4)

Clinical Oncology

DECEMBER 30, 2020

[Heterogeneity in cancer]

KOPPER László, TIMÁR József

[The basic function of cells is to maintain a balance between proliferation and programmed cell death, which allows the cell to perform its specific function. This activity fits closely, partly with neighboring cells and partly with the intercellular population. Errors can occur in the regulation of all this, of course mutations are the most common. Some of these can cause disturbances in cell life, but most mutations do not play an important role. It is well known to distinguish between... tovább »

HUN 2020;7(4)

Clinical Oncology

DECEMBER 30, 2020

[The antiemetic treatment of oncologic procedures]

[Nausea and vomiting are multistep pathway controlled by the brain. The emetic impulses come form cortex, as a psyhotic reaction or throught nervus vagus. In the medulla in the area postrema are the specific nuclei concerning to the emetic episodes. Most important neurotransmitters are the serotonin, substance P and dopamins. The chemotherapeutic drugs caused the emesis and vomiting at different frequences. The effect of 5-HT3 and NK-1 receptor antagonist have not are the most important... tovább »

HUN 2020;7(4)

Clinical Oncology

DECEMBER 30, 2020

[Side effects of CT scans]

SÁFRÁNY Géza, LUMNICZKY Katalin

[Computed tomography (CT) scans which result in relatively high doses of radiation exposure, but have an indisputable diagnostic advantage, are becoming more common among radiological diagnostic imaging procedures. Based on the linear no-threshold model of stochastic radiation effects, even the lowest radiation dose suffered can trigger the formation of tumors. Tumor formation due to radiation exposure during CT scans, thanks to their higher radiation sensitivity and longer life expectancy,... tovább »

HUN 2020;7(4)