The eLitMed.hu medical portal uses computer cookies for convenient operation. Detailed information can be found in the Cookie-policy.
Clinical Neuroscience - 2007;60(03-04)
Content
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[EFFECTS OF KETAMINE ON THE DEVELOPING CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM]
[Ketamine is a widely used drug in pediatric anesthesia practice, acting primarily through the blockade of the Nmethyl- D-aspartate (NMDA) type of glutamate receptors. A growing body of laboratory evidence, accumulated during the past few years, suggests that this drug could have potential adverse effects on the developing central nervous system. The goal of this short review is to give a brief synopsis of experimental work indicating ketamine-induced developmental neurotoxicity as well as to... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[THE GHRELIN SYSTEM: PHYSIOPATHOLOGICAL INVOLVEMENT IN THE CONTROL OF BODY GROWTH AND ENERGY METABOLISM]
[This short review will summarize some recent findings on the physiopathology of the endogenous ghrelin/obestatin system by focussing on experimental studies aiming at blocking the effects of endogenous ghrelin and clinical studies investigating genotype/phenotype correlations concerning the genes encoding for ghrelin and its cognate receptor.]
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[HUMAN TRYPSIN(OGEN) 4-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY IN THE WHITE MATTER OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX AND THE SPINAL CORD]
[Human brain trypsin(ogen) 4-like (HT-4) immunoreactivity was localized in glial cells of human cerebral cortex and spinal cord. After a short post mortem delay (two hours), cortical and spinal cord regions were dissected, frozen or immersed into a fixative solution. Sections of 10 and 50 µm thickness were cut and immunostained by antibodies raised against recombinant human trypsin 4. HT-4-like immunoreactive glial cells and fibers were stained in the white matter, low to moderate levels of... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[USING BRAIN SLICE CULTURES OF MOUSE BRAIN TO ASSESS THE EFFECT OF GROWTH FACTORS ON DIFFERENTIATION OF BONE MARROW DERIVED STEM CELLS]
[Bone marrow derived stem cells (BMDSCs) have been reported to form neurons and supportive cells in the brain. We describe a technique that combines the simplicity of in vitro studies with many of the advantages of in vivo experiments. We cultured mouse brain slices, deposited GFPtagged BMDSCs evenly distributed on their surfaces, and then added test factors to the culture medium. Addition of both SDF-1 and EGF resulted in morphological changes of BMDSC and in the induction of islet-1, a marker... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[CENTRAL ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE IN DEHYDRATION]
[To test the effect of dehydration on brain atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentrations in areas important to salt appetite, water balance and cardiovascular regulation, we subjected rats to dehydration and rehydration and measured ANP concentration in 18 brain areas, as well as all relevant peripheral parameters. Water deprivation decreased body weight, blood pressure, urine volume, and plasma ANP, while it increased urine and plasma osmolality, angiotensin II, and vasopressin. ANP greatly... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[ACTIVATED SOMATOSTATIN TYPE 2 RECEPTORS TRAFFIC IN VIVO FROM DENDRITES TO THE TRANS-GOLGI NETWORK]
[Background and purpose - Understanding the trafficking of G-protein-coupled receptors is of particular importance. In the central nervous system, although some Gprotein- coupled receptors were reported to internalize in vivo, little is known about their trafficking downstream of the endocytic event. Methods - The distribution of the major somatostatin receptor subtype, the sst2, was monitored in the hippocampus using immunofluorescence from 10 minutes to seven days after in vivo injection of... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[OXYGEN-GLUCOSE DEPRIVATION-INDUCED CHANGES IN ORGANOTYPIC CULTURES OF THE RAT HIPPOCAMPUS]
[Introduction - (-)Deprenyl is an irreversible inhibitor of type B monoamine oxidase (MAO-B), which is now used for treatment of Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s diseases. Evidence suggests that the neuroprotective effect of deprenyl may not be related exclusively to the inhibition of the enzyme MAO-B. Methods - To test the impact of deprenyl on ischemiainduced changes in vitro, we followed the time course of propidium iodide (PI) uptake as an indicator of neuronal cell death as well as the... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[POSTNATAL EXPRESSION PATTERN OF DOUBLECORTIN (DCX) IN SOME AREAS OF THE DEVELOPING BRAIN OF MOUSE]
[We have investigated the spatio-temporal expression pattern of doublecortin (DCX) protein from postnatal day (P) 2 to postnatal day (P) 22 in the brain of developing mouse. We compared the expression of DCX in the rostral migratory stream (RMS) and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (DG). Weak expression of DCX was detected in the RMS at P5, it became gradually stronger during the second postnatal week and reached its strongest expression by P18-P22. Moderate DCX immunostaining was present in... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[PROTECTIVE ACTION OF SNAKE VENOM NAJA NAJA OXIANA AT SPINAL CORD HEMISECTION]
[Based on data accumulated regarding the neuroprotective action of Proline-Rich-Peptide-1 (PRP-1, a fragment of neurophysin vasopressin associated hypothalamic glycoprotein consisting of 15 amino acid residues) on neurons survival and axons regeneration and taking into the account that LVV-Hemorphin-7 (LVV-H7, an opioid peptide, widely distributed in different cell types of various tissues of intact rats, including those of the nervous and immune systems) derived from the proteolitic processing... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[OPTIMAL ALIGNMENT®. NOVEL SOFTWARE PROCEDURE FOR 3D RECONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRONMICROSCOPIC SERIAL SECTIONS]
[3D reconstruction from electronmicroscopic (EM) serial sections substantially differs from modeling body parts by linking convoluted planes delivered by CT and NMR. Namely, variations both in relative X-Y position and rotation of the target elements between the adjacent images and also additional problems caused by deformed, deteriorated or missing sections can only be overruled by an aligning paradigm, which exploits all the pixel-level information, and results in an optimal fitting with... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[THE SUPRASPINAL INNERVATION OF THE LEFT ADRENAL IS MORE INTENSE THAN THAT OF THE RIGHT ONE]
[Background and purpose - Previous studies using the viral transneuronal tracing technique demonstrated that central autonomic circuits are involved in the innervation of the adrenal gland. Since increasing number of data indicate laterality in the neuroendocrine system, we aimed to investigate whether the supraspinal innervation of the adrenal gland exhibits asymmetry or not. Methods - The central circuitry involved in the innervation of the left and the right adrenal gland was studied in... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[SALSOLINOL AND THE PERIPHERAL SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY: THE EFFECTS OF HYPOPHYSECTOMY, ADRENALECTOMY AND ADRENAL MEDULLECTOMY]
[The endogenous isoquinoline salsolinol (SALS) is a recently identified prolactin (PRL) releasing factor, a selective and potent stimulator of PRL secretion both in vivo and in vitro. SALS decreased the peripheral tissue dopamine (DA) level dose dependently, consequently increased the NE/DA ratio, indicating reduced release of newly formed norepinephrine (NE) from sympathetic terminals. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of adrenal medullectomy (MEDX), adrenalectomy (ADX) and... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[SYNAPTIC CONNECTIONS OF GLUTAMATERGIC NERVE FIBRES IN THE RAT SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS]
[Background and purpose - The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus functioning as the principal circadian pacemaker in mammals, has a rich glutamatergic innervation. Nothing is known about the terminations of the glutamatergic fibres. The aim of the present investigations was to study the relationship between glutamatergic axon terminals and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), GABA and arginine-vasopressin (AVP) neurons in the cell group. Methods - Double label immunocytochemistry was used... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[ASSOCIATION OF APOLIPOPROTEIN E POLYMORPHISM WITH AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE IN SOUTH-WESTERN HUNGARY]
[Background - Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and Alzheimer dementia (AD) show similarities (advanced age, formation of deposits of similar content). Recently apolipoprotein E 2 (apoE 2) has been associated with AMD, while apoE4 with AD. The question of coexistence, especially with respect to the genetic background has not been studied earlier. We investigated, therefore, the occurrence of AMD in AD patients and compared their lipid profile and apoE polymorphism. Methods - 49 AMD, 32 AD... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX IN THE SNAIL CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM]
[Even tough the central nervous system (CNS) of gastropods has long been used as a model for studying different neuronal networks underlying behaviors, there is only little information on the molecular components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the nervous tissue. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify some of the ECM molecules by acid-base histochemistry. Staining with alcian blue at strong acidic pH, and with acridine orange at different pH and salt concentrations was... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[EFFECT OF LOCAL (INTRACEREBRAL AND INTRACEREBROVENTRICULAR) ADMINISTRATION OF TYROSINE HYDROXYLASE INHIBITOR ON THE NEUROENDOCRINE DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS AND PROLACTIN RELEASE]
[Background and purpose - Hypothalamic dopamine (DA), the physiological regulator of pituitary prolactin (PRL) secretion, is synthesized in the neuroendocrine DAergic neurons that projects to the median eminence and the neurointermediate lobe of the pituitary gland. The rate-limiting step of DA biosynthesis is catalyzed by the phosphorylated, therefore activated, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) that produces L-3,4-dihydroxy- phenylalanine from tyrosine. The aims of our present study were to... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[GLUTAMATERGIC PHENOTYPE OF HYPOTHALAMIC NEUROSECRETORY SYSTEMS: A NOVEL ASPECT OF CENTRAL NEUROENDOCRINE REGULATION]
[While three decades ago, the co-existence of classical neurotransmitters and peptide neuromodulators in a single neuronal cell was considered to be rather exceptional, the phenomenon that neurons have a complex transmitter phenotype now appears to be the general rule. Parvicellular and magnocellular neurosecretory systems consist of neuronal cells which are specialized in secreting peptide neurohormones into the blood-stream to regulate hypophyseal functions. This mini-review, dedicated to the... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[MOLECULAR ARCHITECTURE OF THE CANNABINOID SIGNALING SYSTEM IN THE CORE OF THE NUCLEUS ACCUMBENS]
[Several abused drugs are known to alter glutamatergic signaling in reward pathways of the brain, and these plastic changes may contribute to the establishment of addiction- related behaviour. Glutamatergic synapses of the prefrontal cortical projections to the nucleus accumbens (nAcb) - which are suggested to be under endocannabinoid (eCB) control - play a central role in the addiction process. The most abundant eCB in the brain is 2-arachidonoyl- glycerol (2-AG). It is synthesized by... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[IMMOBILIZATION INDUCED FOS EXPRESSION IN THE MEDIAL AND LATERAL HYPOTHALAMIC AREAS: A LIMITED RESPONSE OF HYPOCRETIN NEURONS]
[Induction of Fos, a proto-oncogene c-fos protein product, was immunohistochemically examined in the rat hypothalamic neurons 3 h after a single (1×120 min) or repeated (7×120 min) immobilization (IMO) stress. The aim of the present study was to reveal a possible parallelism in the cell activation between the medial and lateral hypothalamic neurons, especially between the stress responsive neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and hypocretin (Hcrt) synthesizing neurons, i.e.... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[THE ROLE OF VASOPRESSIN IN CHRONIC STRESS STUDIED IN A CHRONIC MILD STRESS MODEL OF DEPRESSION]
[Background and purpose - Vasopressin plays an important role in the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation as well as in stress-related disorders. A common view suggested that the role of vasopressin is especially important during chronic stresses. Here we tested the hypothesis that vasopressin-deficient rats may be more resistant to the development of chronic hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity after chronic mild stress. Methods - Male vasopressin deficient Brattleboro... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[CHARACTERIZATION OF SPECIFIC SUCCINATE BINDING SITE IN BRAIN SYNAPTIC MEMBRANES]
[A synaptic receptor for gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) - a naturally occuring metabolite of succinic acid1 - interacting succinate has been disclosed in rat and human nucleus accumbens (NA) subcellular fractions2, but the molecular properties of this recognition site were not characterised. To address the presumed recognition site for succinate, the pharmacological profile of [3H]succinate binding to synaptic membranes prepared from rat forebrain and human NA samples has been investigated.... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[FINE STRUCTURE OF THE AREA SUBPOSTREMA IN RAT. OPEN GATE FOR THE MEDULLARY AUTONOMIC CENTERS]
[The area subpostrema (ASP) is a V-shaped area, ventral and ventrolateral to the area postrema. It constitutes the upper border zone of the commissural portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract. The ASP is considered as a morphological and functional key area for the medullary autonomic center. The capillaries here, in contrast to the capillaries of the area postrema are not fenestrated but establish a specific staining for acetylcholinaestherase (AChE). The ASP contains a high density of... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[PROJECTIONS OF VIP/PHI NEURONS OF THE INTERSTITIAL NUCLEUS OF CAJAL IN THE RAT]
[Neurons expressing VIP/PHI precursor mRNA have been localized in the interstitial nucleus of Cajal. Unilateral surgical cut through the medial forebrain bundle failed to influence VIP/PHI mRNA expression in the Cajal nucleus while brainstem hemisection or unilateral transection of the medial longitudinal fascicle reduced it markedly, ipsilateral to the knife cuts. Thus, in contrast to forebrain projecting VIP neurons in the rostral periaqueductal gray, VIP/PHI neurons in the Cajal nucleus... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[PITUITARY ATRIAL NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE OF PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS ORIGIN]
[Atrial natriuretic peptide-synthesizing neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus constitute the major sources of ANP in the three lobes of the pituitary gland. Complete transection of the pituitary stalk eliminated 93% of ANP from the intermediate lobe, 47 and 77% from the anterior and the posterior lobes, respectively. Meantime, increased levels of immunoreactive ANP were measured in the median eminence, due to the accumulation of the peptide in the transected axons centrally to... tovább »
Clinical Neuroscience
MARCH 20, 2007
[BRAIN INSULIN SIGNALLING IN THE REGULATION OF ENERGY BALANCE AND PERIPHERAL METABOLISM]
[The unparalleled global rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes, together with the associated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, are referred to as the "diabesity pandemic". Changes in lifestyle occurring worldwide, including the increased consumption of high-caloric foods and reduced exercise, are regarded as the main causal factors. Central obesity and insulin resistance have emerged as important linking components. Understanding the aetiology of the cluster of pathologies that leads to... tovább »
1.
2.
3.
4.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Correlations Between Burnout and Socio-demographic and Workplace Related Factors Among Health-care Workers During The Covid-19 Pandemics]
04. APR
5.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Operational Efficiency Investigation from APN Perioperative Perspective]
04. APR
1.
2.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[The Effect of Asthma Bronchiale on Everyday life Activities Among Adolescents]
02. MAY
3.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Identifying osteoporosis in a primary care setting with quantitative ultrasound]
02. MAY
4.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Evaluation of clinical practices among academic nursing students]
02. MAY
5.
Journal of Nursing Theory and Practice
[Burnout and depression among healthcare nursing staff]
02. MAY