Clinical Neuroscience - 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Clinico-morphological correlation in common dementias]

PAPP I. Mátyás

[ln the late sixties the revelation that more than half of the dementia cases in elderly people were caused by Alzheimer's disease and not by „cerebral arteriosclerosis" gave dementia research a new impetus, which accelerated in the eighties and has nowadays become explosive and has supplied us with a mass of data almost beyond comprehension. Nevertheless, even though it is most intensively, studied elucidation of the etiology and pathogenesis of the Alzheimer' s disease is still not expectable in the near future. ln addition to Alzheimer's disease, new results basically changing our views, have been achieved in the field of the vascular dementia and in dementias with Parkinsonian syndrome. Frontostriatal circuits discovered recently have helped our understanding of the subcortical dementia in these diseases and in others. By means of neuroimaging techniques, several dementia syndromes - paramedian thalamic infarcts, the watershed infarcts and the so called Binswanger's disease - have turned out to be much more common than previously believed. Clinicopathological observations have verified the role of the damage to the limbic and paralimbic structures, frontostriatal circuits and association pathways in the pathomechanism of dementias. ]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Typical behavior models of dealing with epilepsy - the models present between patient and members of the family]

NEMESSÚRI Judit, TÖLGYES Tamás, VERES Judit, RAJNA Péter

[Four are main symptom groups described which were previously considered to be not more than an organic consequence of epilepsy. In most cases in the background of these groups a pathogenic/ pathogenetic role of typical relationship constellations between the patient and his/her relatives can be observed. These constellations are illustrated by case descriptions. It is pointed out that: 1. Epilepsy is a chronic illness in the course of which in every case certain psychodynamic events take place between the patient and his or her relatives in the immediate environment. 2. According to the present „neurological" approach and to the social expectations in the course of the patients' care the main stress is on biological events and changes. As a result intrapsychic and social-psychiatric motives are frequently manifested in the form of biological symptoms, too. 3. It follows from the above that the psychic constellation is interiorized by the patient and then he/she expresses it through somatic symptoms. At first sight these symptoms seem to be typical epileptic problems”. In actual fact, somatic „epileptologic” treatment cannot be regarded as succesful. 4. Since care is mainly based on auto- and heteroanamnestic data the phenomena discussed earlier could be highlighted only by means of the simultanious exploration of the family in question and by possible disagreement between the patient and his/her environment. 5. In order to treat the epileptic patient it is essential to consider the illness in relation to the patient and the members of the family.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Characteristics of gadolinium-enhancement in ischemic stroke]

KENÉZ József, BARSI Péter, KULIN Árpád, NAGY Zoltán

[Stroke is a clinical diagnosis. In acute stroke, CT is the first examination of choice to exclude hemorrhage. In ischemic stroke, MR detects the changes earlier and more exactly, than CT. Contrast-enhanced MR imaging shows specific enhancement phenomena, viz. Intravasal high signal in the vessels of the ischemic cerebral region, meningeal enhancement, transitorial, mixed type enhancement and parenchymal enhancement. Our paper is deals with the causes and diagnostic significance of the different types of these enhancement effects, and discusses some differential diagnostic conclusions. In the near future, after installing more modern MR equipment, a more exact knowledge of the pathomechanism of stroke and, as a consequence, new and more effective therapies can be expected.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Determination of serum C-reactive protein in the illnesses of central nervous system]

PINTÉR Erzsébet, KÁLI Gábor, VUKMIROVITS György, NIKOLOVA Radka, YOUSEF M. Gassar, GYARMATI Éva

[Serum quantitative C-reactive protein concentrations were measured in 186 patients admitted with suspected neuroinfection or symptoms of other diseases in the central nervous system. The diagnoses were purulent meningitis (102), abscessus cerebri (5), meningitis basilaris (2), meningitis cryptococcica (1), sepsis (11), encephalitis (22), encephalopathia (5), autoimmune central nervous illness/disease/disorder (22), non-inflammatory central nervous disease/ disorder (12) and tumour cerebri (4). The highest values of C-reactive protein were measured in patients suffering from abscessus cerebri (250.8 +/ 64.2 mg/l), sepsis (221 +/- 16.4 mg/l) and purulent meningitis (153.0 +/- 94.59 mg/l). Serum C-reactive protein concentrations were moderately increased in viral infections (36.8 +/- 36 mg/l). The C-reactive protein level in the normal range in patients suffering from non-inflammatory and autoimmune central nervous illnesses/diseases/ disorders (4.0 +/- 1.5 mg/l or 10.0 +/- 18.5 mg/l). During our examinations the C-reactive protein levels showed both local and septicaemic reactions. C-reactive protein is considered as a valuable laboratory parameter both in diagnosings central nervous system diseases with suspected bacterial infection and in monitoring therapeutic efficiency.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Chronic recurrent transverse myelitis or multiple sclerosis]

UNGUREÁN Aurélia, PÁLFI Sándor, DIBÓ György, VÉCSEI László

[The simultaneous appearance of multiple sclerosis and transverse myelitis is a known phenomenon. Apart from the appearance of spinal symptoms, other neurological signs of the brain involvement can urually be found, MRI shows disseminated foci in the brain. The positive evoked responses, the immunological abnormalities of the CSF, and the oligoclonality together prove the presence of multiple sclerosis. In these cases the symptoms of transverse myelitis may precede other signs of multiple sclerosis, or appear separately as a relapse. Recurrent transverse myelitis as an independent entity with negative MRI and CSF immunology, is an exciting topic concerning the etiologic factors and therapeutical considerations. Tvolging from the literature, the appearance of transverse myelitis as an independent entity, is rather rare. Details are given of a female patient with recurrent spinal cord signs, negative MRI and CSF immunology. During her ten-year follow-up no, symptoms of multiple sclerosis have developed. Further studies are needed to clarify the etiological factors, pathomechanism and therapeutic considerations of this relatively new and probably independent clinical entity.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Trial to verify the link between onset of epileptic seizures and complex meteorological changes, pilot study]

BÁRTFAY Réka, BÁRTFAI Erzsébet, CSIBRI Éva, RAJNA Péter

[In this pilot study parameters are found that suggest a possible link between the onset of epileptic seizures and meteorological changes. The meteorological conditions were divided into 7 different levels in terms of their sympathetic/ parasympathetic effect and were related to the onset of 816 epileptic seizures of 15 patients. The possible epileptogenic effect of rapid (within 12 hours) meteorological changes was also evaluated and 48-hour periods before and after a given seizure were also considered. A trend was found in the distribution: within two days preceding seizures parasympathetic effects tended to be predominant, within those following seizures sympathetic effects tended to dominate. Surprisingly, rapid meteorological changes did not play significant role. More essential data were obtain in individual evaluations. In just every 4th patient the sympathetic or the parasympathetic effect was predominant before the seizure onset and in just every 3rd person rapid meteorological changes culminated in the pre- or in the post-seizure 48-hour interval. The most frequently occuring meteorological effect on the day of seizures was sympathetic. It is thought that these parameters might be appropriate to demonstrate the possible link. Even so, preference is given to individual evaluation which might have an additional therapeutic significance, too.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Long-term monitoring of epileptics Part 2]

[VI. Technical and methodological considerations. VII. Recommended use of specific ETM systems. VIII. Minimum standard requirement for specific indications in practice. IX. Guidelines for written evidence of ETM.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Report from the World Congress of the International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies in Budapest]

KOMOLY Sámuel

[The International Federation of Multiple Sclerosis Societies, at the invitation of the Hungarian MS Society, held its 27th Annual Congress in Budapest from 15-22 September 1994, with 340 participants from 34 countries. The congress was attended by patients, volunteers and doctors (including many world-renowned experts on the disease) who discussed current problems in MS and the work of the World Federation. The venue provided a good opportunity for neighbouring countries where the MS self-help movement is still in its infancy to learn how to set up and run a non-profit patient support association. The two-day training course on this topic was attended by 41 invited representatives from 13 countries.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Hungarian Society of Neurologists and Mental Doctors]

[We publish extracts of two of the lectures given at the May 1994 scientific meeting of the Hungarian Society of Neurologists and Mental Health Practitioners. "Changes in amino acid concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with essential tremor." "Effect of theophylline in Parkinson's syndrome."]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Hungarian Society of Neurologists and Mental Doctors]

LEEL-ÖSSY Lóránt

[Report on the work of the neuropathology section of the Hungarian Society of Neurologists and Mental Health Physicians. Recent observations in the study of the corpus amylaceum (polyglucosan body).]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

Hungarian Society of Neurosurgeons

World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies, Newsletter Spring 1994

ENG 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[The Hungarian Society of Pediatric Neurology, Neurosurgery, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry]

GYÖRGY Ilona

[Next year's Congress of the Society will be held in Kecskemét on 14-16 May 1995, with international participation.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Hungarian Spine Association]

[The 1994 scientific meeting of the Hungarian Spine Association.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)

Clinical Neuroscience

NOVEMBER 20, 1994

[Béla Horányi clinical neuroscience association]

MÁRKUS Atilla

[By agreement between the Board of the Neurology Journal and the management of our Society, the Béla Horányi Clinical Neuroscience Society became a co-owner of the Neurology Journal in July 1994. This event has prompted us to describe some of the most important features and operational characteristics of our society.]

HUN 1994;47(11-12)