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Clinical Neuroscience - 1993;46(09-10)
Content
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Pharmaco-EEG investigation on sedative effect of antiallergic drugs. Setastin is a non-sedative antihistamina]
[Effect of setastine on pharmaco-EEG was investigated in a double blind placebo controlled study in ten healthy volunteers. Changes caused by setastine were compared with those of two referent antihistamine drugs (chloropyramine and hismanal) having great differences in their sedative side effect. The themporo-occipital alpha per theta ratio was the most sensitive EEG marker in differentiating the two referent drugs. The EEG effect showed by setastine was very similar to that to hismanal and opposite to that of chloropyramine. In addition an increase of the total power and the power of beta was also measured. The latter changes might refer to an inherent EEG effect of setastine. EEG changes of setastine cannot be evaluated as signs of hypovigilance and the similarity of EEG effect of hismanal and setastine also supports the non-sedative nature of setastine estabilished by clinical studies. The pharmaco-EEG method utilized gives possibility for an objective investigation of psychotropic side effects of the particular drugs. ]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Efficacy of cinolazepam on insomnia generated under shift-work conditions]
[The efficacy of cinolazepam (a benzodiazepine with middle half life time and light pharmacological potential) on insomnia generated under shift-work conditions was investigated, and shown to be an efficent hypnotic. Cinolazepam (daytime dose 20 mg, night dose 40 mg) improved significantly both sleep and awakening quality: there were no hangover effects, drug provoked intrasleep or early morning insomnia. During the time cinolazepam was administered drug tolerance was not observed. The structure of cinolazepam-induced sleep could be characterised by shortened sleep latency, increase of deep slow wave sleep, improvment of sleep continuity and unchange of REM sleep parameters both during night- and daytime.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Observation of embolic events during carotis constructive surgery]
[The changes of middle cerebral artery circulation during carotid artery surgery in 65 patients were monitored, and the observed embolic events are discussed. Of the 65 patients, 37 were operated with shunt protection (group A) and 28 without (group B). In 31 of all cases 55 embolic events were noted. In 22 of the group A patients 37 embolic events were observed, one of them occured during the declamping of the external caruiid circulation. Eighteen emboli were observed in 9 of the Group B cases. There were embolic events in 5 cases due to external declamping. All the above mentioned embolic events occured without postoperative clinical sings.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Experiences with carotid-doppler examinations on patients with arterial bypass operation on the lower extremities]
[Carotis-Doppler examinations were performed on 83 patients with severe, obliterative disease of the arteries of the lower extremities and on 96 age-matched controls without signs and symptoms. In the group with obliterative arterial disease, severe or moderate stenosis of the carotid arteries was found in 20 and 40% of the patients, respectively, whereas in the control group the proportion of moderate carotid-stenosis was 2% and no case of severe stenosis was found. The role of risk factors was also studied. Based on their results the authors suggest, that because patients with obliterative disease on the arteries of the lower extremities have higher risk for stenosis, ultrasound investigations and regular follow up of the carotid arteries are needed.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Brachioradial syndrome: superficial radial neuropathy]
[Damage of the superficial branch of the radial nerve represents a rare, and rarely recognized, mononeuropathy. The first three cases in the Hungarian literature are presented. The essential role of electrodiagnosis in detecting of the disease is stressed. Special attention should be paid to avoid any lesion which might result from improper patient-care.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Multiple cerebral and spinal tumors as a manifestation of neurofibromatosis]
[Details are given of an 18-year-old boy suffering from multiple intracranial and intraspinal tumours as manifestations of central form of neurofibromatosis. Meningioma of the left convexity, and meningioma of the left occipital region spreading into the supra- and infratentorial compartment were removed together with the left acoustic neurinoma. Intramedullary ependymoma of the lower cervical region indicated the need for a further operation. Neither the asymptomatic mass of the right sphenoid wing nor the multiple caudal tumours were excised. The genetic, differential diagnostic and therapeutic problems are discussed on the basis of the literature.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Tuberculosis in central nervous system]
[Two cases with neurotuberculosis are presented. One of them is a 55-year-old woman who was admitted to the hospital with a history of two months of epileptical fits of the left limbs. Signs of elevated intracranial pressure appeared. The CT examination revealed right fronto-temporal convexity space occupying lesion with several mass effect. At operation an ,en plaque" fronto-temporal tumour was extirpated. The second case had a history of 15 months with lower-back pain. One year later it radiated to both legs combined with progressive paraparesis and urinary incontinence. Thoraco-lumbar myelography revealed severe extradural compression of the spinal cord at the level of Th XI. Following Th X-XI-XII. laminectomy extradural necrotic tumour-like lesion was removed. The histopathological examination justified specific tuberculotical granulomas at both instances. The primary tuberculotical infection was not detected in any of the cases.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Possible involvement of superantigens of the etiology in multiple sclerosis and other autoimmune diseases]
[The superantigens are bacterial and viral protein products, which differ from conventional antigens, since they activate and ultimately delete lymphocytes in a T cell receptor Vb chain specific manner. As the activation may involve 30% of the total T cell population, it is possible that autoimmune clones are also included. Restricted heterogeneity of T cells has been described in several autoimmune diseases including multiple sclerosis. Thus, the possible triggering role of superantigens has stimulated new investigations. Although the data implicating superantigens in the etiology of these diseases are indirect, recent experimental results suggest their therapeutic applicability, using the long lasting deletion effect.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Mathematical analysis of EEG in locked-in syndrom and alpha coma]
[Electroencephalograms of two patients with occlusion of vertebral and basilar artery were analysed. Peak power frequencies, field power differences and relative- and absolute power maps were evaluated. Clinical signs of one of the patients fit the criteria of locked-in syndrome. Photostimulation and event related desynchronisation paradigm was used for testing the reactivity of EEG. Averaged EEG epochs during movement intention showed significant alpha and subalpha power reduction. Regional difference of EEG reactivity was due to the underlying hemispheric infarcts of the temporal lobe. In the second case permanent vegetativ state was associated with non-reactive rhythmic alpha pattern. Time sequence analysis of power ratios proved spontaneous alternating activity of alpha and subalpha generators. Authors concluded that pseudo-periodic fluctuation of alpha activity reflects partial preservation of thalamo-cortical connections.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Forum of Young Neurologists Szeged. October 1992]
[Motor neuron diseases. Analysis of our cases of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Experimental immune-mediated substantia nigra damage. Role of ansa galeni in the laryngeal protective reflex - intraoperative neuromyographic studies in dogs. Prognostic role of conduction velocity measurements in Bell's palsy. Nervous system inflammation. A subtype case of meningoencephalitis. Ophthalmoplegia in herpes zooster (two cases presented). Differential diagnostic problems in cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome. A case of central nervous system complication associated with SLE (clinicopathological presentation). Ventriculo-peritoneal (vp) shunt in basal arachnitis with severe cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulatory disturbance. Pain syndrome. Spect and TCD studies in cluster headache. Incidence of migraine in our department. Treatment of trigeminal neuralgia with glycerol infiltration of the Meckel's pouch. Pain syndromes caused by osteoporosis. Other neurological problems. Neuropsychiatric aspects of hypoparathyroidism. Practice in the preoperative evaluation of patients with therapy-resistant bitemporal epilepsy (case presentation). A case report of a tumor of the corpus callosum. Co-occurrence of meningioma and basilar giant aneurysm (case report). The value of cervical duplex ultrasound in the care of cerebrovascular patients (experience of 700 studies). Experience in ultrasound examination of the carotid artery in patients with lower extremity vascular stenosis. Laser Doppler circulatory testing for monitoring cochlear autoregulation. New possibilities in ABR studies using the dantec counterpoint MK-2 EMG/EP. Use of HBS-Madopar in Parkinson's syndrome with special reference to nocturnal dystonia. Role of HBS-Madopar in different types of on-off.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Subarachnoid haemorrhage and the nitric oxide system]
[Pál Barzó, Lóránt Borda, Erika Vörös, Mariann Kiss, Mihály Bodosi and Tamás Dóczi draw attention to the importance of transcranial Doppler sonography in the management of soft subdural haemorrhages.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
[Hungarian Society of Neurologists and Mental Doctors]
[Summary of the renewal general meeting of the Hungarian Society of Neurologists and Mental Health Practitioners held on 24 June 1993.]
Clinical Neuroscience
SEPTEMBER 20, 1993
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