Clinical Neuroscience - 1961;14(02)

Clinical Neuroscience

FEBRUARY 01, 1961

[Symptomatology of septum pellucidum cysts]

AMBRÓZY György

[1. Five clinically observed SPCs are described. The pathology can only be detected by air-fill testing. It can be distinguished radiographically from corpus callosum, parasagittal and septum pellucidum tumours and from corpus callosum agenesis. 2. The pathology is not associated with a typal symptom cluster. Most commonly headache, transient disturbance of consciousness, epileptic paralysis of various types, less commonly weakness of limbs, ataxia, apraxia, aphasia, ocular symptoms, vegetative hormonal disturbances, impaired memory and recall, mood and motivational disorders, paranoid delusions, hallucinations, oligophrenia, dementia dementia may be observed. Bitemporal paroxysms - spike, delta complexes - are common on EEG curves. 3. The onset of symptoms may be associated with developmental abnormalities of the corresponding parts of the brain, disturbances of blood and cerebrospinal fluid circulation, direct pressure on surrounding brain areas, possibly cranial trauma. Closed and mobile SPC cannot be distinguished with certainty either radiographically or clinically. On PEG imaging, SPC that appears closed has been observed without symptoms or complaints, while mobile SPC may cause severe pressure elevation in the brain. Psychiatric symptoms are probably due to lesions of the centrencephalon, limbic system, septal regio. 4. In addition to these symptoms, an air-fill examination may be recommended to detect the pathology. Some authors have suggested that a closed cyst may rupture and its ventricular transit may improve. Surgical resolution of a SPC that appears closed on multiple air-filling studies and is symptomatic for increased intracranial pressure is recommended. ]

HUN 1961;14(02)

Clinical Neuroscience

FEBRUARY 01, 1961

[Evaluation of abnormal electroencephalographic phenomena in acute schizophrenic psychoses]

MAGYAR István

[The author discusses the significance of abnormal electromagnetic manifestations in 98 schizophrenic psychotic patients at rest and with pentamethylenetetrazole load, and their relationship to the disease. He complements his studies with a review of frequency analysis and describes the changes in electromic activity in 22 patients on serial EEG recordings (resting and provoked) at the onset, during the disease and after clinical recovery. He concludes that dysrhythmias show a significant appearance on resting recordings. Pentamethyl tetrazole provocatiora 41.2% had paroxysmal theta, delta, spike-wawe bursts, 32.7% had permanent, severe dysrhythmias even at very low doses. It is assumed that the pathological electromagnetic manifestations are indicative of the activitativeness of schizophrenic psychosis, are provoked exclusively during the presence of activ symptoms, are not dependent on the clinical form of the disease and, by their diffuse nature, indicate the predominance of pathological productions of subcortical centres in the pathomechanism.]

HUN 1961;14(02)

Clinical Neuroscience

FEBRUARY 01, 1961

[A brief history of our institute from the National Lunatic Asylum to the National Institute of Neurology and Mental Health]

FEKETE János

[The author briefly describes the history of the National Insane Asylum, which opened in Buda in 1868, until its transformation into the National Neurological and Mental Hospital. - In his introduction, he looks back at the backward state of mental health in our country 100 years ago - the urgent need for a national mental hospital, the long negotiations dating back to 1792 - the development of the first hospital and private mental wards - Construction of the National Lunatic Asylum finally began on 20 March 1860 and it was opened on 6 December 1868. The asylum was built in the romantic style on the model of the Viennese and Prague asylums, originally with a capacity of 800 patients. After describing the architecture, technical equipment, etc. of the huge, then modern building, the author describes the modifications which, after a few decades, were required to accommodate and treat the mentally ill in a modern way. -Recalls the medical and administrative care of the institution at that time - lists the directors of the institution in chronological order and, finally, points out, with a few highlights, the modern, large-scale development that took place within the walls of the former National Lunatic Asylum, especially in the 15 years since liberation, up to the time of its rise to the National Institute for the Insane. ]

HUN 1961;14(02)